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The science and practice of agroecology
This book provides a detailed overview of key developments in agroecology – the theoretical foundation for more sustainable approaches such as regenerative agriculture. It focuses on how agroecological knowledge can be translated into farming practices across distinct agroecosystems.
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Advances in actuation and control in agricultural robots
In recent years, agricultural robots have moved away from being pure sensor-carrying platforms for gathering data in the field into becoming action-delivering platforms providing physical interaction with the environment. In this chapter, the actuation methods that are most commonly used on intel...
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Advances in controlled atmosphere storage of horticultural produce
This chapter highlights advances in controlled atmosphere (CA) storage science of horticultural crops (mainly apples and pears) over the last two decade, emphasizing the connection between technical/managerial aspects of the CA regime and retention of product quality during and after the storage ...
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Conservation agriculture in south asia
South Asia, a home of 1.7 billion people houses the most poor and malnourished people globally. The region need to double its food production by 2050. Current scenario puts South Asian agriculture in a dilema facing triple challenges: to increase production to meet the food demand of growing huma...
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Functional ingredients based on bioactive peptides from milk proteins
This chapter gives a review on the biological activities encrypted within milk proteins. These bioactivities are potentially released by proteolytic enzymes during the digestion process and they have the potential to be released by enzyme hydrolysis and turned into functional food ingredients. Th...
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The use of plant bioactive compounds to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from farmed ruminants
This chapter focuses on the opportunity to use plant bioactive compounds in ruminant diets for their potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, particularly enteric methane. Nitrous oxide emissions related to urinary nitrogen waste are addressed when information is available. The main famili...
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Assessing climate change impacts on pollinators
Anthropogenic climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing biodiversity presently and into the future. Climate change, through increasing temperatures, and extreme events including droughts and fires, can be predicted to impact pollinators through a number of mechanisms, including alte...
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Access to mechanization for smallholder farmers in africa
Agricultural mechanization is vital to achieving sustainable livelihood, food security and national development. Mechanization is pertinent for Africa where the predominant production system remains the smallholder’s system. The use of technologies from the West continue to face lots of constrain...
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Genetic selection to improve reproductive traits in chickens
This chapter reviews genetic selection to improve reproductive traits in chickens. The chapter begins by first focusing on the layer breeding programme structure, then moves on to discuss areas such as egg production, liveability, resilience and adaptability. It also examines how genetic selectio...
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Improving fungicide use in integrated fruit disease management
With the rapid emergence of resistance to the limited number of fungicide classes in many pathogenic fungi, improving stewardship of extant fungicides is a priority. Resistance management strategies, species identification, application timing and delivery of FRAC guidelines to stakeholders can al...
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Trends in analytical techniques for testing animal feed
The challenges for the feed analysis sector will be to ensure feed quality and safety. Innovative strategies need to be implemented to authenticate feed and feed ingredients and to check that they fulfill all labelling obligations. This chapter focusses on the authentication of feed by different ...
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Developing early-maturing and stress-resistant potato varieties
Asian countries with a cereal-based cropping system face a tremendous food security challenge to feed their 4.3 billion people. Potato, being a complete food, can be a valid alternative. This chapter describes the selection of germplasm and traits for breeding early-maturing varieties of potato, ...
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Improving crop pest/disease modeling
Dissemination of crop pests and diseases occurs through both natural and anthropogenic processes, facilitated by the increasing interconnectedness of the global food chain. Food security depends on our ability to manage crop pests and diseases effectively. This chapter offers a brief overview of ...
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The role of food losses and waste in food insecurity
The chapter attempts to demonstrate some aspects related to the role of food losses and waste (FLW) in food insecurity, in two parts: (i) identifying direct linkages between FLW and food insecurity - that is a predictor of malnutrition (i.e. underweight, overweight and obesity, micronutrient defi...
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Food losses and waste in the near east and north africa region
This chapter reviews the causes and prevention of food losses and waste (FLW) in the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region. It assesses current estimates of the extent of FLW and its impact on food security. The chapter also assesses what is needed to reduce FLW to improve food security in the...
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Alternative tillage production systems for cucurbit vegetables
Cultural production practices for some cucurbit crops have slightly changed over the last half-century to become more sustainable with less detrimental impacts on the soil and surrounding environment. Conservation tillage is one of these practices that is gaining acceptance since it conserves soi...
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Integrated pest management of mites
Plant feeding mites are major pests of agricultural crops and ornamentals. They disrupt physiological processes, change the physical appearance of the plant, and transmit diseases to crops. This chapter takes a holistic approach to integrated mite management by reviewing the basics of mite taxono...
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Cytogenetics of structural rearrangements in musa hybrids and cultivars
Edible bananas are diploid or triploid Musa acuminata, or hybrids of M. acuminata x M. balbisi-ana, producing nutritious seedless fruit of different taste and structure. Breeding for high yield and host plant resistance to pathogens and pests as well as adaptation to abiotic stress of im-portant ...
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Classifying the genetic diversity of sorghum: a revised classification of sorghum
This chapter provides a revised classification of sorghum. It sets out a generalized classification of cultivated sorghum from which a more precise working group can be defined to explain the variation within the chosen race. The classification is presented in a format that would be useful in bre...
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An overview of machine vision technologies for agricultural robots and automation
As machine vision technology becomes ever more readily available it is of increasing value to agriculture. This chapter seeks to outline the principles that will endure as the technology changes and to point out areas in which it can be applied. After examining basic concepts of machine vision, t...
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Bacterial diseases affecting apples
Bacterial diseases present an ongoing challenge to the sustainability of apple production. Fire blight is a serious economic threat to apple production in regions of the world where it occurs, and it it is used as an example to present the key issues and challenges which bacterial diseases raise ...
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Advances in understanding immune response in dairy cattle
From the beginning, cattle have made important contributions to the field of immunology, including the development of the first Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine for human tuberculosis in 1921. In 1981 the first report of a biosynthesized polypeptide vaccine against Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FM...
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Modelling crop growth and yield in tomato cultivation
Crop-growth simulation models have become important tools for researchers and growers for the purpose of assisting management and improving production. The CROPGRO-Tomato model described in this chapter is one of a suite of models within the modelling package Decision Support System for Agrotechn...
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Quinone outside inhibitor fungicide resistance: selection patterns and the current situation
This chapter focuses on Qol fungicide resistance, specifically drawing attention to selection patterns and the current situation of Qol resistance. The chapter begins by describing the history of resistance and resistance mechanisms, then goes on to provide three case studies to describe differen...
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Use of brackish and marginal water for irrigation in water-scarce areas
The lack of freshwater in arid and semi-arid regions makes brackish/marginal water a valuable alternative source of water for irrigation. The use of brackish water in irrigation could ensure high-yield, good quality, efficient and sustainable agricultural development if appropriate management str...
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Sorghum cultivation and improvement in west and central africa
The diversity of sorghum cultivated in Africa attests to the African origin of this crop. Farmers in West and Central Africa (WCA) have developed strategies of using varietal diversity to minimize risk and maximize productivity in the context of complex and diverse adaptive challenges. This chapt...
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Advances in poultry genetics and genomics
This collection begins by reviewing current challenges facing poultry breeding. It goes on to review recent research on the genetics of key production and functional traits. The book then summarises key advances in genomic selection techniques and concludes by surveying emerging trends such as th...
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Application of machine vision in plant factories
Plant factories have great potential for mitigating the contradiction between the growing global population and food scarcity. Machine vision plays an important role during automated food production, covering each production stage from raising seedlings, transplanting, management, harvesting and ...
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Requirements and features of cultivation system modules in advanced plant factories with artificial lighting
This chapter discusses the design and management principles of the cultivation room environment of a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL), mainly based on its material and energy balance. Resource supply rates, product and waste outputs, and environmental factors can be accurately measur...
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Key stages of embryo development in poultry
This chapter reviews the key stages in the development of the chicken embryo: from the fertilized oocyte, the zygote, through to the hatched chicken. The chapter also covers extra-embryonic tissues like sub-embryonic fluid, yolk sac, amnion and chorion-allantois membrane (CAM) which develop in sy...
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Tropical tree domestication in agroforestry
Trees, whether occurring in wild stands or in agricultural landscapes, play a key role in the livelihoods of smallholders in the tropics. This chapter discusses tropical tree domestication in agroforestry, summarizing the authors’ contribution to the development of new tree crops in the tropics u...
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Crop improvement in jackfruit
This chapter focuses on advances in breeding of jackfruit. It reviews the origin, distribution and varieties of the fruit. It then looks at uses and nutritional composition, before discussing breeding and providing examples of improved varieties of jackfruit.
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Interactions between photosynthesis and the circadian system
The rising and setting of the sun provides a regular transition between two starkly different environmental conditions for photosynthetic organisms such as plants. Since photosynthetic organisms rely on light as both an environmental signal and an energy source it is beneficial for plants to resp...
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Diseases affecting barley: net blotches
This chapter reviews the current knowledge of spot form and net form of net blotch of barley with an emphasis on recent genetic studies and their contribution to our understanding of the range of host-pathogen genetic interactions. Principal differences between the two forms of the disease are ex...
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Mapping the soybean genome
The soybean is one of the most important grain legumes, but genetic mapping had been less advanced than in other crops, which limited modern soybean molecular breeding. This chapter discusses the significant progress in mapping the soybean genome that has now been made. Also highlighted are the u...
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Instant insights: using crops as biofuel
This collection features five peer-reviewed literature reviews on using crops as biofuel.
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Water management for sustainable agriculture
There is increasing competition for water resources with declining aquifer reserves and lower rainfall in some areas due to climate change. This volume reviews research into topics such as more sustainable use of groundwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and water management.
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Precision livestock farming and pasture management systems
Precision livestock farming (PLF) focuses on individual animal monitoring and management. Precision pasture/rangeland management is concerned with monitoring and dealing with landscape spatial and temporal variability whilst considering the influence that animals bring to these systems. This chap...
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Assessing the cost of supplying water for agriculture: the food supply cost curve
As part of a ‘Regional Initiative on Water Scarcity in the Near East and North Africa (NENA) Region’, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has been proposing a practical tool for the assessment of investment projects called the Food Supply Cost Curve (FSCC). This chapter describes the c...
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Pest management for urban agriculture
Agriculture in urban contexts largely differs from “conventional” and industrial agriculture. Pest management strategies must address a plethora of peculiar factors, such as: proximity to citizens living environments, microclimate and environmental conditions, plot and field size, multiplicity of...
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Advances in cultivation of walnuts
Walnuts as a crop has expanded considerably in production and value over the last 30 years. There has been a shift in dominant production area from California to China. While the United States is still the world’s largest exporter of walnuts China now dominates world production. This chapter prov...
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Advances in the use of entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides in suppressing crop pests
Hypocrealean ascomycetes have a set of properties such as their unique mode of action by direct penetration through the cuticle, relatively ease to mass production, and their newly discovered ecological roles as endophytes and/or plant growth promoters which put them at the forefront of the globa...
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Food safety control on poultry farms: effective control of campylobacter
The zoonotic pathogen, Campylobacter, is the leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. It colonizes the intestinal tract of chickens, its primary host. In chickens, this pathogen is considered commensal and does not cause illness or have adverse impacts on production performance. A number of ...
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Humane transport, lairage and slaughter of sheep
Contemporary public concerns about and policy debates on animal production focus on conditions that guarantee food security, public health, environmental quality and animal welfare. This chapter reviews the main welfare issues associated with management of sheep post-farm gate, including transpor...
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Spectral mapping of soil organic carbon
This chapter first reviews recent pilot studies covering limited areas often with exposed bare soils. Then we focus on the challenges for large-scale application of spectral mapping when the soil and parent material are heterogeneous and surface conditions are unknown. In order to deal with these...
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Advances in understanding apple tree growth: the manipulation of tree growth and development
Recent research and development has investigated the factors influencing apple tree growth, with the ultimate aim of helping apple growers provide the market with fruit which is consistent in quality and which exhibits the features that consumers value, such as firmness, juiciness, colour and app...
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Understanding smallholders in oil palm cultivation: a case study from sumatra
This chapter provides insights about oil palm smallholders in the Riau province of Sumatra, Indonesia, based on two recent sets of data. Based on two surveys conducted in 2013 and in 2015, the chapter characterises smallholders’ production structures, relying on the methodological framework elabo...
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New uses and processes for cassava
Cassava’s versatility, resilience to climate stress and huge potential for yield increase make it increasingly popular for both food security and industrial applications. This chapter investigates current uses of cassava and considers new processes which might be introduced to promote greater uti...
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Fungicide resistance risk assessment
New fungicide active substances are at risk of losing efficacy due to the development of resistance in target pathogen populations. In the European Union, an assessment of resistance risk is required by regulatory authorities for the approval of each fungicide product This chapter will review the...
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Exploring barley germplasm for yield improvement under sulphur-limiting environments
This chapter reviews genetic diversity in barley and its role in improving varieties, including adaptation to abiotic stresses. Sulphur is an essential macronutrient required in plants for normal growth and development. Its deficiency in agricultural soils reduces grain yield and grain quality tr...
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Advances in understanding potato plant physiology and growth
Potato physiology determines how genetically-encoded developmental attributes interact with local environmental conditions, as modified through agricultural practice, to produce the final crop. This chapter highlights how physiological responses of potato to management choices made by growers and...
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Instant insights: improving water management in crop cultivation
This specially curated collection features five reviews of current and key research on improving water management in crop cultivation.
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The use of microorganisms in integrated weed management
Biological control of weeds by fungal pathogens, bacteria and viruses has been studied for more than three decades. The aim is to suppress or reduce the weed population below an ecological or economic threshold. This chapter describes the role of biopesticides in weed control, historical accompli...
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Economic assessment of integrated pest management (ipm) implementation
Besides reducing health and the ecological risks of pest control, integrated pest management (IPM) seeks to increase farm income. Economic constraints also act as barriers to adoption of IPM practices. An understanding of how IPM affects the farm “bottom line” is crucial to efforts to encourage I...
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Considerations with using unmanned aircraft systems in turfgrass
In recent years, small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) and advancements in remote sensing technology have provided alternative and more affordable means for monitoring crop health and stress than ground-based (hand-held or vehicle-mounted) or other aerial-based platforms (manned aircraft or sate...
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Understanding the development of the gut microbiome in pigs: an overview
Living organisms continuously and intimately interact with commensal microbial communities referred to as microbiota and microbiomes. These complex ecosystems provide their hosts with vital services. The gut microbiome develops and diversifies after birth in pigs, as in all mammals. The diversifi...
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Case studies on food safety control in the production of fresh poultry meat: effective control of salmonella in sweden
Swedish control of Salmonella in poultry is very successful, with rare findings of Salmonella in meat and almost no human cases linked to Swedish poultry meat. This chapter presents the Swedish system for controlling Salmonella in poultry, with the aim of highlighting insights which may be helpfu...
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Adoption and spread of conservation agriculture in east asia
This chapter examines the adoption and spread of Conservation Agriculture in East Asia. Conservation Agriculture, which has been extended in East Asia for the past 15-20 years, is offering promising prospects of both enhanced yields, reduced cost and environmental services. The chapter begins by ...
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Genomic selection using bayesian methods
For decades, the method of choice the prediction of breeding values in poultry breeding programs was the Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP). More recently, genomic selection is quickly becoming the standard tool for genetic evaluation. One of the main challenges in the implementation of genom...
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Lessons learned from operational and shuttered vertical plant farms
Vertical plant farming (VPF), defined as crop production utilising vertical space through stacking horizontally or in towers, is a promising and relatively novel type of controlled environment agriculture (CEA). The nascent sector has been riddled with complexities in economic viability, labour, ...
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Mapping and exploiting the barley genome: techniques for mapping genes and relating them to desirable traits
Barley is the fourth most cultivated cereal in the world and is thus an important crop in breeding. A large variety of traits are needed for resistance to various stresses as well as to meet the requirements of its several uses. To breed efficiently for those traits, identification of the causal ...
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Advances in optical analysis for crop phenotyping
Plant phenotyping technologies have been developing rapidly in the last decades. Among various phenotyping technologies, optical sensing such as RGB, multi-spectral and hyperspectral imaging have become popular and widely applied in different applications. In this chapter, these optical sensors a...
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Biotechnology applications for integrated pest management
An exciting wave of discoveries in biotechnology is revolutionizing agriculture worldwide. Biotechnology tools and applications are offering great opportunities for integrated pest management (IPM) programs in agriculture. This chapter describes biotechnology applications for pest management incl...
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The potential role for tea in combating chronic diseases
Tea, made from the leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis, Theaceae, is a popular beverage worldwide. For the past 30 years, tea has been studied extensively for its beneficial health effects in the prevention of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases; reduction o...
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Instant insights: irrigation management in horticultural production
This collection provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in irrigation management in horticultural production, focussing on more conventional growing systems, as well as emerging systems, such as soilless culture production.
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Progress in understanding viruses affecting sugarcane
There are currently around ten diseases of sugarcane known to be caused by viruses. In recent years our understanding of these diseases has greatly benefited from access to low-cost sequencing technologies which have revolutionized virus discovery, improved our understanding of genetic variation ...
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Postharvest diseases of bananas and their sustainable management
This chapter discusses crown rot and anthracnose in detail, with a briefer coverage of the minor diseases such as mokillo fruit speckle, squirter and ceratocystis fruit stem-end rot. These diseases are discussed with regards to their causal agents, described and illustrated symptoms, disease cycl...
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Mastitis, milk quality and yield
Mastitis is one of the most economically important diseases in dairy production and it is defined as an inflammation of the mammary gland. This chapter examines the impact of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows on milk quality, and provides a detailed account of indicators of mastitis. In a...
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Optimising integrated weed management in narrow-row crops
Sustainable management of weeds represents a major challenge for farmers. Herbicides offer the most effective curative technique and are widely used. Nevertheless, less reliance on them is necessary for environmental and technical reasons, and also in the face of societal pressure. Four detailed ...
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Factors affecting the reproductive efficiency of boars
Efficient artificial insemination (AI) is essential for future challenges in the pig industry. Core business for AI companies worldwide is diluting semen from high fertile breeding boars, and by that inseminating many sows. Efficient use of AI boars with high genetic merit is important to maximis...
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Ensuring the welfare of broilers: an overview
Genetic selection for highly efficient, fast-growing broilers has had negative effects on broiler welfare, and the high stocking densities used in some broiler production systems also have a negative impact on welfare. This chapter examines the welfare problems arising from these two factors, and...
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Factoring biodiversity into the agri-food sector: international best practices and experiences from south africa
The importance of sustainable agriculture cannot be understated. Responsible farming practices which address the growing demand for food with social and environmental imperatives are essential for the long-term viability of organisations in the agri-sector and, at the national and international l...
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Understanding and optimising the biological properties of growing media for soilless cultivation
The biological properties of growing media (GM) in soilless cultivation have been considered minor traits for decades. However, there is a growing demand for alternative, cheaper GM constituents, characterized by organic origin. A better understanding of the biological processes of GM is a key fa...
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Organic dairy farming in developing countries
In countries in the global south, often referred to as ‘developing countries’, organic dairy farming faces some challenges, but also has huge potential. Even without having a premium price for organic dairy products, organic management of smallholder farms can often be beneficial in terms of low ...
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Instant insights: phenotyping applications in agriculture
This book reviews recent advances in the application of phenotyping techniques to optimise crop breeding programmes. Chapters discuss the use of phenotyping as a means of improving crop yield, boosting genetic gain and identifying desirable traits in crop roots.
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Weed management in conservation agriculture systems
This collection provides a comprehensive overview of the recent research on ways to optimise weed management in Conservation Agriculture systems without reliance on herbicides such as glyphosate.
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Factors affecting sheep carcass characteristics
This chapter describes the characteristics of a sheep’s carcass and explains the principles of carcass composition (the weight or proportion of muscle, fat and bone in the carcass). Understanding carcass characteristics and finding techniques for altering the characteristics are important for max...
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Building natural resource networks: urban agriculture and the circular economy
This chapter discusses how to re-think socio-ecological functions for urban areas in an economy inspired by the principles of circular and regenerative practices. It begins by showing how existing food systems have been trapped in the paradigm of a linear economy model. It then shows how regenera...
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Key issues and challenges of integrated weed management
In order to intensify agricultural productivity while at the same time enhance ecosystem services, it is necessary to evaluate carefully how current weed-management technologies are deployed, including herbicides and herbicide-resistant crops. Herbicide chemistries and herbicide-resistant crops h...
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Advances in greenhouses and other protected structures used for cultivation of vegetables
Research work conducted during recent years (e.g. structure design, covering, climate control, energy use efficiency, water and nutrient management, supplemental lighting, new cultivars) has revolutionized greenhouse vegetable production. This chapter reviews the current situation of such protect...
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Improving nutrient management for sustainable intensification of maize
Maize is an important crop worldwide for its role in ensuring food security, alleviating poverty and increasing farmer income. Maize production in the world is higher than rice and wheat because of its multiple demands for human food, animal feed, bio-fuel and from other industries using it as ra...
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Implementing biopesticides as part of an integrated pest management (ipm) programme
This chapter reviews the way biopesticides and other biocontrol agents can be integrated into integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. It discusses regulatory assessment of when it is safe and appropriate to use biopesticides, the use of biopesticides in different crop production systems and ...
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Genes associated with functional traits in poultry: implications for sustainable genetic improvement
Poultry production primarily focuses on the supply of saleable products. Meat and eggs are classified as production traits and are the focus of improvement in poultry breeding organizations, while the functional traits of birds have received much less attention. However, over the past decade, the...
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The usage of phenotyping, genetics and functional genomics approaches to improve environmental stress factors in banana
Modelling predicts that temperature and precipitation are the abiotic factors that have the biggest impact on banana production. It is clear that banana needs tropical temperatures and that it responds very early to a reduced soil water content. The stomata of banana plants also respond very sens...
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Advances in biocontrol of crop insect pests
The biocontrol sector continues to expand and diversify. This collection reviews some of the key developments in the creation of new sustainable solutions to manage crop insect pests without the need for synthetic pesticides.
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Achieving sustainable cultivation of rice volume 2
Volume 2 reviews ways of improving cultivation of rice, from planting to soil management, nutrition and irrigation as well as techniques such as integrated crop management. It also discusses key pests and diseases and methods for their control in making cultivation more productive and sustainable.
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Advances in horticultural soilless culture
This collection reviews current research on optimising substrates for soilless cultivation and assesses recent advances in technologies, such as fertigation systems and process control. Case studies on a range of horticultural crops feature throughout as a means of depicting examples of practical...
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Breeding green super rice (gsr) varieties for sustainable rice cultivation
Improving low rice productivity in rainfed areas of Asia and Africa and sustaining rice productivity in irrigated rice lands are challenges in the coming decades for the global rice research community. Green Super Rice (GSR), rice cultivars that can produce high and stable yields under less input...
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Improving water management in agriculture
This collection considers current challenges facing irrigated agriculture and reviews the wealth of research on the range of interventions which can be applied to address these challenges, from understanding and managing water flows at the watershed scale, through to improved use of water resources.
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Advances and challenges in monitoring insect pests of major field crops in the united states
This chapter will review current insect pest monitoring systems for native and invasive pest species of corn, soybean, and cotton in the U.S. We present case studies of European corn borer, corn earworm, western bean cutworm, and corn rootworm as pests of corn; soybean aphid, stink bugs, and Japa...
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Protecting natural capital and biodiversity in the agri-food sector
This collection considers the importance of accounting for and protecting natural capital and biodiversity in the agri-food sector. The book reviews recent advances in natural capital, biodiversity and extinction accounting and how these methods are being applied in different sectors and regions ...
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Antibiotics and gut function: historical and current perspectives
Antibiotics play a central role in human health, and the sensitivity of bacteria to these compounds is a natural resource that must be husbanded to keep from losing their effectiveness from increasing antibiotic resistance in the environment. This chapter places the use of antibiotics in poultry ...
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Advances in cooling technologies to preserve horticultural produce
Fruit and vegetables are living organisms that continue to respire after harvest, deteriorating over time, in a process known as senescence. Although it is impossible to halt senescence, removing the field-heat, and reducing the temperature of the product at the time of harvest, has substantial e...
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Rootstocks to improve root function and resource-use efficiency
Grafting, a surgical technique to attach genetically different shoots and roots (scions and rootstocks) allows “designer root systems” to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability. Rootstocks improve plant nutrient relations by increasing nutrient capture and/or nutrient use efficiency...
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On-farm strategies for preventing pig diseases: improving biosecurity
Pigs are susceptible to a wide range of diseases that can affect health, welfare and productivity. The implementation of biosecurity measures along the production chain is one of the major solutions to minimize the risk of introduction of diseases into a farm (external biosecurity), as well as th...
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Designing and formulating microbial and non-microbial biostimulants
This chapter provides the first overview of the optimal design and formulation of microbial and non-microbial biostimulants. The production steps for a plant biostimulant are first presented and discussed, and then two successful case studies of plant biostimulant development are reported in deta...
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Improving poultry meat safety and sustainability
This collection reviews the wealth of research on improving safety and sustainability along the poultry value chain from on-farm management through to slaughter.
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Understanding biological processes in soil
Soil health fundamentally reflects biological processes in the soil ecosystem. The development of soil health frameworks and associated indicators have increasingly prioritized biologically relevant characteristics of soil. Some of these properties, like soil organic carbon, reflect resources ava...
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Strengthening commercial extension systems for smallholders
When examining opportunities to strengthen commercial extension systems for smallholders, it is important to answer the question: to what end. This chapter puts forward the argument that in addition to supporting adoption of commercial technologies and increasing yields on select crops purchased ...
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Advances in visual soil evaluation techniques
Soil structure is a complex and dynamic soil property that constitutes a key aspect of soil health. Soil structure assessment can be evaluated in the field by visual soil evaluation techniques. Development and improvement of these techniques/methods have been the focus of numerous soil scientists...
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