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Advances in understanding pig nutritional requirements
Linking advances in our understanding to sustainable production of pig meat requires a more lateral perspective centred on the primary drivers of sustainability. This chapter considers advances in nutritional requirements and metabolism and how these contribute to sustainable production of pig me...
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Organic sheep and goat farming: opportunities and challenges
Organic goat and sheep farming is a highly diverse type of production throughout Europe and other continents. Current practices are geared to achieve a number of objectives, including sustainability and high standards of animal welfare. This chapter aims to characterize organic goat and sheep far...
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Temperature deviations during transport as a cause for food losses
Deviating temperature conditions during distribution processes reduce the quality of food and significantly contribute to global food losses. The effect of careless handling and inadequate processing only become visible much later in the cool chain, making it difficult to quantify the contributio...
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Advances in irrigation/fertigation techniques in greenhouse soilless culture systems (SCS)
The objective of this chapter is to describe the most common soilless culture system (SCS) irrigation and fertigation methods. The chapter summarizes common types of irrigation/fertigation system and types of management system. It then discusses the shift to real-time plant-based sensing and mon...
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The role of the dairy matrix in the contribution of milk and dairy products to the human diet
Milk and dairy products are an important part of the daily diet in many regions of the world due to their recognised contribution to the recommended intake of a variety of valuable nutrients, the amount of energy (calories) they provide and their ability to compensate for foods in the diet with l...
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Improving welfare in catching and transport of chickens
The pre-slaughter phase is the last stage of meat production and for broiler chickens entails feed and water withdrawal, catching, loading, transportation and lairage. Major stressors during pre-slaughter include rough handling, overstocking, thermal stress, and prolonged feed and water withdrawa...
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Improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop production
This collection reviews the wealth of research on ways of improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop production as a means of reducing the agricultural sector’s environmental impact and rebalancing the global nitrogen cycle.
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Global trends in pesticide resistance
This book provides a detailed overview of regional trends in the development of resistance to key groups of fungicides, insecticides and herbicides and their implications for future pesticide use.
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Managing soil health in organic cultivation
Although organic standards do not refer directly to soil health, organic agriculture has the potential to improve soil health and environmental services by promoting soil conservation and reducing greenhouse gases. This chapter presents findings from a field experiment which continuously monitore...
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Advances in understanding contamination of fresh produce by Salmonella
Salmonella is a frequent etiologic agent for foodborne illnesses acquired via consumption of plant-based foods. This may be attributed to the adaptability of this pathogen to various environments and hosts, including plants. Salmonella has a broad capacity to associate with fresh produce crops fr...
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The genetic diversity of mangoes
This chapter provides a list of the principal mango cultivars, selected on the basis of their local and global importance. The description of cultivars is based on evaluations conducted by Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden in Miami, Florida. The data reflects some 30 years of research. Descriptio...
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Advances in soilless culture of ornamentals
In the production of cut flowers and pot plants there are slow developments towards closed growing systems with recirculation of the surplus nutrient solution. In some countries, such as in The Netherlands, legislation to reduce discharges is a steering factor, as well as the advantages of a dise...
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Improving regulatory approval processes for biopesticides and other new biological technologies in agriculture
This chapter reviews the progress that has been made in adapting plant protection regulations to the specific needs of biopesticides in Europe and rest of the world. They do need to be regulated as they can give rise to some environmental and other challenges, but existing regulations have been t...
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Assessing the economic value of agricultural biodiversity: a critical perspective
This chapter reviews developments in methods to assess the economic value of agricultural biodiversity, outlines their limitations and proposes a possible, novel way forward. The chapter discusses the different definitions of agrobiodiversity. It then highlights ways of evaluating agrobiodiversit...
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Avocado cultivation and biodiversity challenges
Avocados, also referred to as alligator pears, butter fruits and ‘green gold’ are a blessing and a curse. The fruits are a high-value crop which can be used by farmers in emerging economies to generate much-needed income. Avocados are high in calories, vitamins and minerals and, as a result, can ...
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Ruminal viruses and extrachromosomal genetic elements
The rumen contains a complex microbial ecosystem populated by prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and eukaryotes (protozoa and fungi) highly adapted to the fermentation of solely herbivorous feeds, and to survival in a gut environment. In the rumen there are also dense viral populations which both...
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An overview of subsurface irrigation techniques
Water is a scarce resource which plays a crucial role in agriculture. As climate change and population growth increase the strain on water supplies, involved actors are forced to look for water-saving irrigation methods for food production. This chapter reviews four key subsurface irrigation tech...
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Understanding and exploiting genetics of tropical tree species for restoration of tropical forests
The development of sound conservation and regeneration strategies depends on the exploitation of genetic variation of tropical trees. Patterns of genetic variation have been assessed in field trials and at molecular markers only for a few main plantation species such as eucalypts. Preliminary evi...
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Modelling the impact of climate change on agriculture in Australia and Oceania
In the past few decades, the Oceania region has experienced a general trend of rising temperature, increased rainfall variability, declining rainfall in parts of Australia and New Zealand, and increased rainfall, particularly extreme events in other parts of the Oceanian region. These changes pos...
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Advances in understanding invasive characteristics in weed species
Genetic modifications are a well-known mechanism for understanding the evolution of weeds and invasive alien plants. Recently more attention has been given to epigenetic modifications in weed ecological genetics since epigenetic modifications can govern the ecological-adaptive potential of weed s...
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Instant Insights: Feather-pecking in poultry
This collection features three peer-reviewed literature reviews on feather-pecking in poultry.
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Advances in the use of Bt genes in insect-resistant crops
Insecticidal toxins derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely used as microbial pesticides to selectively control juveniles of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and soil-dwelling nematodes. Synthetic genes derived from different strains of Bt have been used to pr...
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Yield gap analysis towards meeting future rice demand
Rice provides 20% of the world’s food energy, and increased rice production owing to growing demand needs to be derived mainly from existing agricultural land. This requires reducing the ‘yield gap’, which is defined as the difference between potential yield and average on-farm yield obtained by ...
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Advances in Conservation Agriculture Volume 2
Volume 2 reviews research on optimising Conservation Agricultural (CA) practices and their benefits. Chapters cover soil management, crop nutrition and irrigation, pest and disease management, as well as broader issues such as managing carbon, biodiversity and ecosystem services.
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The impact of organic agriculture on diet and health
Consumers of organic vegetables tend to consume them in higher amounts and with more concentrated phytochemicals, so any benefits of phytochemicals for human health are doubled for a typical consumer of organic food. This chapter explores the associations between organic consumption and diet choi...
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Rainwater and floodwater harvesting for crop irrigation
Rainwater and floodwater harvesting are environmentally-friendly ways to utilize rainwater and surface runoff for irrigation, water storage and groundwater recharge. Water harvesting (WH) can also reduce flooding and soil erosion risk and can diminish impacts of climate change. This chapter discu...
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Advances in postharvest management of horticultural produce
Postharvest losses remain a serious problem in the fresh produce sector. This collection reviews advances in preservation and disinfection, monitoring and management techniques to optimise safety and quality of fresh fruit and vegetables.
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Understanding states of suffering with implications for improved management of poultry
The causes of the main states of suffering experienced by poultry species, namely fear, frustration and pain, are listed and the behavioural symptoms are described. Birds can be frightened by stimuli that are (1) sudden and intense, (2) novel, and (3) signalling special evolutionary dangers. The ...
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Chemical contaminants in milk
Developments in analytical technology now allow the identification of some contaminants in milk that were not previously considered. It is critically important that mechanisms are devised to eliminate or reduce these contaminants below the maximum limit allowed by food safety regulations. Thus, t...
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Advances in understanding of sugarcane plant growth and physiology
Crop yield in sugarcane is the result of how well the source leaves can supply the assimilates needed for the growth and filling of the harvestable plant. This is the source–sink relationship, which in sugarcane is still poorly understood. This chapter discusses the significant advances made in t...
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Advances in breeding of coconut
The coconut, Cocos nucifera L. was once the most important palm crop in the humid tropics. After an introduction to the current extent of coconut cultivation and uses, this chapter discusses the origins and botany of coconut. It then reviews available genetic resources. The chapter goes on to rev...
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Microbial bioprotectants and the marketplace
This chapter focuses on microbial bioprotectants and the marketplace. The chapter begins by first discussing the latest figure in terms of microbial bioprotectants global market value. It also highlights the different types and ways these bioprotectants can be used. The chapter also discusses the...
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Planting and cultivation of tea
Originating in natural forests characterized by warm and humid environmental conditions and nutrient-rich soils, tea’s growth and yield largely depend on climatic and soil factors of the land. Frequent removal of photosynthetically active tea shoots (harvesting) and periodic removal of leaf-beari...
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Minimizing the environmental impact of poultry production through improved feed formulation
Every year, millions of broilers, turkeys and laying hens are raised to supply eggs and meat to an increasing number of consumers. Along with the growth of the commercial poultry industry, waste generated in live production operations and processing plants has become an important environmental co...
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Mastitis, milk quality and yield
Mastitis is one of the most economically important diseases in dairy production and it is defined as an inflammation of the mammary gland. This chapter examines the impact of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows on milk quality, and provides a detailed account of indicators of mastitis. In a...
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Emerging technologies to develop new forest products
Forest trees occupy a central place among lignocellulosic plants, in terms of both abundance of wood they produce each year and also generating a variety of other biological tissues. This chapter focusses on new processes and new applications of wood polymers, notably uses of lignins. The chapter...
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Breeding green super rice (GSR) varieties for sustainable rice cultivation
Improving low rice productivity in rainfed areas of Asia and Africa and sustaining rice productivity in irrigated rice lands are challenges in the coming decades for the global rice research community. Green Super Rice (GSR), rice cultivars that can produce high and stable yields under less input...
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Improving poultry meat safety and sustainability
This collection reviews the wealth of research on improving safety and sustainability along the poultry value chain from on-farm management through to slaughter.
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Sorghum breeding for abiotic stress tolerance
Sorghum is a major global crop for food, feed and biofuel. Globally, domesticated sorghum is often grown on marginal lands and in environments exposing the plant to temperature extremes and water deficits. Although sorghum exhibits better abiotic stress tolerances than many crops, significant sor...
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New developments in packaging of eggs to improve safety and quality
The correct choice of the packaging system is a key factor for maintaining high-quality characteristics of eggs during storage. In this chapter, the fundamental aspects of shell egg packaging are reviewed. In particular, a possible explanation of critical issues will be discussed to offer an inno...
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Implementing biopesticides as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme
This chapter reviews the way biopesticides and other biocontrol agents can be integrated into integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. It discusses regulatory assessment of when it is safe and appropriate to use biopesticides, the use of biopesticides in different crop production systems and ...
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Exploring barley germplasm for yield improvement under sulphur-limiting environments
This chapter reviews genetic diversity in barley and its role in improving varieties, including adaptation to abiotic stresses. Sulphur is an essential macronutrient required in plants for normal growth and development. Its deficiency in agricultural soils reduces grain yield and grain quality tr...
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Case studies on food safety control in the production of fresh poultry meat: effective control of Salmonella in Sweden
Swedish control of Salmonella in poultry is very successful, with rare findings of Salmonella in meat and almost no human cases linked to Swedish poultry meat. This chapter presents the Swedish system for controlling Salmonella in poultry, with the aim of highlighting insights which may be helpfu...
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Plant genetic resources
This collection addresses the challenges of maintaining and benefitting from plant genetic diversity. Part 1 assesses ways of valuing and monitoring plant genetic diversity. Part 2 discusses advances in in-situ and ex-situ strategies for conserving plant genetic diversity. The final section revie...
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Instant Insights: Phenotyping applications in agriculture
This book reviews recent advances in the application of phenotyping techniques to optimise crop breeding programmes. Chapters discuss the use of phenotyping as a means of improving crop yield, boosting genetic gain and identifying desirable traits in crop roots.
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Water management for sustainable agriculture
There is increasing competition for water resources with declining aquifer reserves and lower rainfall in some areas due to climate change. This volume reviews research into topics such as more sustainable use of groundwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and water management.
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Biotechnology applications for integrated pest management
An exciting wave of discoveries in biotechnology is revolutionizing agriculture worldwide. Biotechnology tools and applications are offering great opportunities for integrated pest management (IPM) programs in agriculture. This chapter describes biotechnology applications for pest management incl...
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Spectral mapping of soil organic carbon
This chapter first reviews recent pilot studies covering limited areas often with exposed bare soils. Then we focus on the challenges for large-scale application of spectral mapping when the soil and parent material are heterogeneous and surface conditions are unknown. In order to deal with these...
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Advances in the use of entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides in suppressing crop pests
Hypocrealean ascomycetes have a set of properties such as their unique mode of action by direct penetration through the cuticle, relatively ease to mass production, and their newly discovered ecological roles as endophytes and/or plant growth promoters which put them at the forefront of the globa...
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Requirements and features of cultivation system modules in advanced plant factories with artificial lighting
This chapter discusses the design and management principles of the cultivation room environment of a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL), mainly based on its material and energy balance. Resource supply rates, product and waste outputs, and environmental factors can be accurately measur...
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Advances in actuation and control in agricultural robots
In recent years, agricultural robots have moved away from being pure sensor-carrying platforms for gathering data in the field into becoming action-delivering platforms providing physical interaction with the environment. In this chapter, the actuation methods that are most commonly used on intel...
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Improving fungicide use in integrated fruit disease management
With the rapid emergence of resistance to the limited number of fungicide classes in many pathogenic fungi, improving stewardship of extant fungicides is a priority. Resistance management strategies, species identification, application timing and delivery of FRAC guidelines to stakeholders can al...
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An overview of machine vision technologies for agricultural robots and automation
As machine vision technology becomes ever more readily available it is of increasing value to agriculture. This chapter seeks to outline the principles that will endure as the technology changes and to point out areas in which it can be applied. After examining basic concepts of machine vision, t...
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Interactions between photosynthesis and the circadian system
The rising and setting of the sun provides a regular transition between two starkly different environmental conditions for photosynthetic organisms such as plants. Since photosynthetic organisms rely on light as both an environmental signal and an energy source it is beneficial for plants to resp...
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Growing organic apples in Europe
This chapter reviews key research areas involved in organic apple production, and covers the development of suitable varieties and rootstocks, soil fertility management and strategies for maintaining apple tree health. A number of case studies are then considered in order to show how research can...
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Advances in optimizing potassium-use efficiency in crop production
Potassium-use efficiency (KUE) is the outcome of a complex interaction among crop internal physiology, the environment and the management practices imposed on the production system. Four metrics of KUE are discussed: partial factor productivity (PFPK), partial nutrient balance (PNBK), agronomic e...
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Socio-cultural factors affecting women smallholder farmers’ empowerment in Uganda
Promoting women’s empowerment and gender equality plays a key role in accelerating equitable and sustainable agricultural systems in Africa, yet efforts to better integrate women in agricultural development often ignore the underlying social-economic drivers that underpin gender inequalities. Thi...
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Soil and nutrient management in grain legume cultivation
Due to their role in improving soil fertility, grain legumes can be integrated into farming systems as part of soil fertility management. This offers a potential pathway towards sustainable intensification. In this chapter we focus on how to maximize biological nitrogen fixation and yields of gra...
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Food losses and waste in the Near East and North Africa region
This chapter reviews the causes and prevention of food losses and waste (FLW) in the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region. It assesses current estimates of the extent of FLW and its impact on food security. The chapter also assesses what is needed to reduce FLW to improve food security in the...
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Techniques and key issues in collecting crop wild relatives
The genetic diversity found in populations of crop wild relatives is an essential resource for future crop breeding, but populations are at risk of loss before germplasm has been fully conserved in genebanks. This chapter describes best practice for targeting and identifying species, and review k...
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Quinone outside inhibitor fungicide resistance: selection patterns and the current situation
This chapter focuses on Qol fungicide resistance, specifically drawing attention to selection patterns and the current situation of Qol resistance. The chapter begins by describing the history of resistance and resistance mechanisms, then goes on to provide three case studies to describe differen...
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Understanding the health benefits and nutraceutical properties of organosulphur compounds in vegetables
Organosulphur compounds are typically identified by their unpleasant odours and comprise a wide variety of sulphur-containing organic molecules, abundant both in nature and in the body, which are found in a variety of vegetables such as garlic, onions, chives and leeks. There are a number of heal...
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Assessing climate change impacts on pollinators
Anthropogenic climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing biodiversity presently and into the future. Climate change, through increasing temperatures, and extreme events including droughts and fires, can be predicted to impact pollinators through a number of mechanisms, including alte...
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Assessing and reducing the environmental impact of tea cultivation
Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. Consequently it has become an important plantation crop in many countries. As a perennial crop occupying a large proportion of arable land, assessing its environmental impact would benefit the economy of tea growing countries immensely. This ...
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Advances in understanding the ecology of citrus insect pests
Citrus is one of the oldest and most important perennial fruit crops of the world and has been a crucial cultivar in the development of technology to manage insect pests. Some of the leading breakthroughs include classical biological control, early fumigation practices, establishment of plant qua...
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The role of grasslands in biogeochemical cycles and biodiversity conservation
Grasslands have a multifunctional role in producing forage for animal production systems while providing a wide array of ecosystem services, including the regulation of biogeochemical cycles and the maintenance of biodiversity which are of utmost importance for agriculture and society as a whole....
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The palm oil governance complex: progress, problems and gaps
Oil palm expansion has delivered economic development in host countries, including indirect benefits for local infrastructure development and rural poverty reduction, and multiplier effects for the national economies. However, its development has often come at the cost of basic rights and of biod...
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Ensuring the genetic diversity of sorghum
Sorghum is a staple food crop for millions of the poorest and most food-insecure people in the semi-arid tropics, and ensuring its diversity and conservation is therefore important for global food and nutritional security. This chapter discusses the taxonomy of sorghum, in situ and ex situ germpl...
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Integrated weed management in wheat cultivation
Weed management in wheat cultivation is dominated by one control method – use of herbicides. Their overuse has led to weed resistance to herbicides and the need for alternative weed control strategies that will preserve herbicide efficacy as well as agricultural and environmental sustainability. ...
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Oishii Farm: gaining the leading edge in the plant factory business and looking ahead
The age of indoor vertical farming is inevitable as changes in global climate threaten traditional agriculture. Through the integration of new technologies and innovations, whoever establishes themselves as the leader of this rising industry will change the face of agriculture across the globe. A...
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Eco-functional intensification of organic farming
Organic farming aims to increase productivity while maintaining a positive impact on biodiversity and using minimal resources. An urgent question of global importance is how organic agricultural systems can be improved with regard to the various functions of producing food, saving biodiversity an...
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Instant Insights: Carbon monitoring and management in forests
This book discusses the utilisation of tropical and temperate forests as tools for monitoring and managing carbon. The book also considers how agroforestry systems can be utilised to improve soil fertility, food security and land restoration.
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Advanced technologies to accelerate sorghum breeding
Sorghum is a critically important crop, yet advanced technologies for its improvement have lagged behind other crops like rice and maize. This chapter first summarizes some of the current technologies beyond conventional breeding methods that can be utilized for crop improvement in sorghum. Some ...
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Organic potato cultivation
Organic potato cultivation requires a whole system perspective, with particular focus on rotation design. Producing organic potatoes relies strongly on indirect, preventive and long-term strategic measures for both plant nutrition and plant protection. This chapter examines all aspects of the pro...
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Integrated crop-livestock systems with agroforestry to improve organic animal farming
The International Federation of Organic Movements (IFOAM) has established four fundamental principles which underpin organic farming. One way of achieving these principles is the use of integrated crop-livestock systems, which is very common for well-balanced organic systems with animals. This ch...
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Advances in breeding of dairy cattle
Dairy cattle breeding faces challenges such as reduced genetic diversity and the improvement of production over functional traits. This collection reviews the latest research on genetics, genetic diversity and advanced methods of genetic evaluation and selection.
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Advances in marker-assisted breeding of apples
Breeding and selecting new improved cultivars by exploiting natural genetic diversity is an essential route forward in ensuring sustained and sustainable apple production. There can be no doubt that breeders have an expanding set of tools at their disposal to achieve these goals with the advent o...
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Transitioning monocultures to complex forest stands in Central Europe: principles and practice
The high expectations placed on forests in Europe require an integrative approach to forest management. Heterogeneous mixed-species stands are of special interest as they fulfil many ecosystem services better than monocultures, and consequently homogenous forest stands are now often transformed i...
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Monitoring airborne movement of crop insect pests and beneficials
This chapter explores monitoring airborne movement of crop insect pests and beneficials. The chapter begins by highlighting the importance of trapping methods when it comes to monitoring specimens. This is then followed by a review of the visual observation of insects and a discussion of various ...
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Sustainable management of tropical plantation forests
Global forest plantation areas increased from 17.8 million hectares in 1980 to 278.0 million hectares in 2015, an increase of about 1,462.0% within 35 years. The tropical region recorded the highest increase of 8.17% between 2010 and 2015. Forest plantations contribute significantly in meeting th...
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Assessing alternative fiber sources from by-products
Feeding plant-based by-products to dairy cattle has become so commonplace for some of the ingredients that they are no longer thought of as secondary products from food processing. These feed ingredients allow for more economical approaches for meeting the nutritional needs of dairy cattle and co...
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Insect pest and disease management practices and benefits in Conservation Agriculture systems: a case of push–pull practice
This chapter reviews the dissemination, adoption and benefits of the push-pull cropping system in Conservation Agriculture (CA), an innovation that was developed and promoted by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) and partners with a view to addressing some of the bi...
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Diseases affecting coffee: an overview
Among the various diseases of coffee, leaf rust, black rot, anthracnose, root diseases and nursery diseases are of particular importance, causing considerable damage every year in most coffee regions. Control measures are based on integrated disease management (IDM) techniques which include growi...
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Advances in understanding the biology and epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)
A tri-trophic network of domesticated grasses (host), various aphids (vector) and barley yellow dwarf virus (pathogen) species has been spread by humans from Eurasia to the rest of the world. Understanding how climate, natural and agricultural landscapes challenge pathogens, vectors, and their na...
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Developing drought-resistant cereals
This collection explores the challenge of achieving improved drought tolerance in key cereal crops such as wheat and barley and reviews key research and strategies which address how to overcome this challenge in order to mitigate the effects of climate change on cereal production.
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Assessing poultry semen quality
This overview briefly examines some of the semen evaluation techniques and fertility determination procedures used currently on breeder farms. The later procedures were included as both provide rapid feedback on flock fertility, the best indicator of semen quality. To better understand both the r...
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An overview of tropical forest formations
The type of forest encountered on any specific site on the planet is the result of the interaction between abiotic factors and the living organisms that together make up the ecosystem. This interaction is then further complicated by a range of influences that may be human, biological such as poll...
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Muscle fibre types and beef quality
The quality of bovine meat is related to the composition of the source muscles. Bovine skeletal muscle is mainly composed of three types of muscle fibres that are found in varying proportions in different muscles. The proportion of these different fibre types varies with biological and environmen...
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Instant Insights: Soil health indicators
This collection features four peer-reviewed literature reviews on soil health indicators.
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Advances in genetic modification of cassava
Until recently, hybridization was used to breed new varieties of the common tropical and subtropical crop cassava, but changes in global climate, food security and industrialization have accelerated the breeding of new cassava varieties with increased nutrition, high stress resistance and starch ...
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Improving application systems for bioprotectants in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes in horticulture
The fundamental principles of good application are the same whether a biopesticide or chemical pesticide is being used. However, there is a view that biopesticides are more sensitive to application. A good application technique should result in the minimum amount of biopesticide being used, which...
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Progress in understanding fungal diseases affecting sugarcane: rusts
Rust fungi (Uredinales or Pucciniales) are a globally distributed order of obligate parasitic fungi occurring on vascular plants. The typical symptom is a ‘rust-coloured’ (often orange or yellow) pustule on a plant leaf. Economically, rust fungi cause enormous crop losses, including in sugarcane....
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Advances in understanding protein requirements and utilization in dairy cattle
Advancements are discussed for predicting and optimizing microbial protein as a function of rumen-degraded carbohydrates and correcting for amino acids (AA) in true protein. Intestinal digestibility of rumen-undegraded protein (RUP) is being evaluated primarily using in vitro approaches in field ...
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Bioactive components in cow’s milk
Milk contains many bioactive compounds with health benefits beyond simple nutrition. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of bioactives in milk and research on their nutraceutical properties. These include bioactive proteins such as caseins, whey proteins such as α-lactalbumin and β-lacto...
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Advances and challenges in sustainable raspberry/blackberry cultivation
Rubus crops are important for human health and for employment in rural communities. As demand for these berry crops increases at a time of changing climate and consumer awareness of real and/or perceived risks associated with traditional growing practices including inputs, new breeding strategies...
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Advances in soil management for successful establishment and maintenance of turfgrass
Soil properties influence how turfgrass will look, function and perform. In this chapter, we explore our current understanding of soil physical, chemical, and biological properties relevant to turfgrass management and identify areas for future study. Recent advances in our understanding of physic...
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Advances in the use of entomopathogenic bacteria/microbial control agents (MCAs) as biopesticides in suppressing crop insect pests
Biopesticides based on entomopathogenic bacteria are the most economically successful microbial pesticides and an effective and safe alternative to increase sustainability of agricultural crop production. Hallmarks of bacterial biopesticides include potent and highly specific insecticidal activit...
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Site-directed genome modification in barley and wheat
The principle of customized endonuclease-triggered genome modification offers unprecedented opportunities for the elucidation of gene functions and the improvement of crop plant performance. The advantage of this technology lies in the possibility of defining the genomic site where a modification...
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Understanding plant-pathogen interactions in net blotch infection of cereals
An economically important disease of barley that causes significant yield and quality losses is net blotch caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Pyrenophora teres. To reduce the impact of net blotch the research community is engaging in basic and applied research to enhance genetic resistanc...
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The use of molecular genetic information in genetic improvement programmes for pigs
Genetic improvement of pigs has been achieved by selection of individuals for breeding based on estimated breeding values (EBV), derived using phenotypes for important traits. Ideally, phenotypes on the individual itself and its relatives are utilized in order to obtain the most accurate estimate...
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