Soil properties influence how turfgrass will look, function and perform. In this chapter, we explore our current understanding of soil physical, chemical, and biological properties relevant to turfgrass management and identify areas for future study. Recent advances in our understanding of physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils will help turfgrass managers work towards sustainable management of resources. In particular, the field of soil ecology and microbiology continues to reveal exciting new discoveries. Researchers are working towards a better understanding of estimating nitrogen availability from soil organic matter, and utilizing and managing the soil microbiome to augment turfgrass growth and suppress disease may be within reach in coming decades with continued investment in research on turfgrass and soil science.