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Instant insights: phosphorus uptake and use in crops
This collection reviews the process of phosphorus acquisition in crops and considers the key soil, root and microbial processes that can influence the success of it. Chapters also consider recent developments in breeding programmes to improve phosphorus acquisition efficiency, as well as the envi...
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Advances in the use of x-ray computed tomography in crop phenotyping
This chapter addresses the technological parts of a CT system used for crop phenotyping. First, all of the hardware components are described and explained. Thus, it is shown how they are utilized for phenotyping purposes. After that, different system setups and ways of acquiring a CT dataset are ...
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Conservation grass hedges and soil health parameters
Grass hedges, narrow (<2 m) strips of tall and stiff-stemmed perennial grass planted within croplands, are an innovative conservation practice to improve the health of the soils. Integrating grass hedges with food crops is a potential strategy to reduce erosion, improve soil health and wildlif...
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Advances in the use of ozone in the disinfection of horticultural produce
Fruit and vegetables are recognised for their health-promoting properties, while at the same time being associated with numerous bacterial illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens. A sanitation step is crucial to ensure that the produce is safe for consumption. Ozone has been identified as a feasi...
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Research challenges in adapting grasslands to climate change
Climate change poses many challenges to European grasslands, from droughts, heat waves and changing precipitation patterns in the south, to warmer winters and wetter summers in the north and increasing frequency of extreme weather events. This chapter reviews the probable impacts of climate chang...
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Variable-rate application technologies in precision agriculture
The approach of precision agriculture (PA) can be viewed as cyclical in nature, involving data collection, development of management plans, implementation of those plans in the field and evaluation of the effort. This chapter examines the characteristics of variable-rate application (VRA) control...
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Advances in breeding techniques for durable resistance to spot blotch in cereals
This chapter reviews advances in breeding techniques for durable resistance to spot blotch in cereals. It starts by highlighting the spread, economic importance and the disease cycle of spot blotch. The chapter then goes on to examine the diversity of the pathogen and physiological specialization...
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Improving soil health
This collection summarises current research on the effects of different management strategies on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils. It assesses the viability of these management strategies, including zero tillage and intercropping, as a means for improving crop yield, ecos...
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Host-rumen microbiome interactions and influences on feed conversion efficiency (fce), methane production and other productivity traits
This chapter focuses on the recent discovery regarding the role of the ruminant microbiome on energy harvest, methane emission, and the potential genetic factors determining its microbial composition and selection.
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Spectral manipulations to control growth and quality of lettuce and other leafy greens in vertical farms
Selecting the optimal light environment for plant growth and development, and reducing the amount of electric energy consumed by lighting are both essential to improve the economic operations of vertical farming. Compared with photosynthetic photon flux density and light period, the effects of li...
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Micronutrients: advances in understanding molybdenum in crop production
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential micronutrient for plants. Its biological importance resides in its role in nitrogen fixation. Most soils contain Mo, but its availability is pH dependent. Understanding the dynamics of Mo in plant nutrition and in the plant rhizosphere is key to determining efficie...
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Advances in microbial control in ipm: entomopathogenic viruses
Although there are several families of viruses known to include insect pathogens, only a handful are recognised to have species with any potential of being biopesticides. The majority of these are baculoviruses and are an ideal component of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme, as they a...
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Advances in the use of semiochemicals in integrated pest management: pheromones
Semiochemicals enable intra- and interspecific chemical communication in insects. Among them, pheromones are species-specific and have been used in the management tactics for control of many insect pests for the last 50 years. During this time, important advancements have been made in understandi...
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Nutritional considerations for soybean meal use in poultry diets
The poultry feed industry uses about 50% of the soybean meal (SBM) produced in the United States each year. The meal is valuable to the animal feed industry because it is an excellent source of amino acids that would otherwise be lost to the human food chain after the oil has been removed from t...
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Instant insights: weed management in regenerative agriculture
This collection addresses the emerging use of integrated weed management programmes throughout regenerative agriculture. Chapters review the sustainable control of weeds in Conservation Agriculture systems, as well as organic cropping systems.
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Cocoa plant propagation techniques to supply farmers with improved planting materials
The availability of high-performance planting materials to cocoa farmers is an important part of a package of measures to improve the productivity of cocoa farms and thus the sustainability of the cocoa economy. This chapter reviews the methods, advantages and challenges of techniques of mass pro...
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Risk-based measures for prevention and control of african swine fever (asf) in pigs
This chapter highlights the tools currently available for early detection of the presence of African swine fever (ASF) and biosecurity measures to prevent its spread, including adequate cleaning and disinfection (C&D) procedures.
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The role of crop cultivation in contributing to climate change
While 20th century gains in agricultural productivity enabled rising levels of food security, these developments have also made the food system a major contributor to global climate change. Agricultural production accounts for over 80% of food system emissions, and nearly 60% of global non-CO2 gr...
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Maintaining soil fertility and health in organic crop cultivation
Maintaining the health and fertility of our soils is central to the productivity of farming systems because of the key role that both health and fertility play in crop production. The links between soil health and the health consumers (both animal and human) and the wider ecosystem are important ...
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Advances in conservation agriculture volume 3
Conservation Agriculture (CA) seeks to understand the ecological basis of sustainability, whilst making better use of soil as a key resource in farming. Following on from previous volumes that discussed the systems, science, practice and benefits of CA, Volume 3 reviews the adoption and spread of...
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Ensuring and exploiting the genetic diversity of sugarcane
The majority of cultivars in current commercial sugarcane breeding programmes trace back to a few key interspecific hybrids that were developed during the early 1900s. Sugarcane breeders have expressed concerns about the narrow sampling of ancestral clones in modern sugarcane breeding programmes,...
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Advances in understanding agroecosystems ecology and its applications in integrated pest management
Achieving the theoretical goal of integrated pest management (IPM), maintaining pest populations at levels below an economic threshold through a combination of tactics, has so far proved difficult to attain. Production systems, particularly specialized commodity production based on economies of s...
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Managing grassland for forage production: an overview
In temperate agriculture, grasslands play an important role in the provision of forage for livestock. Management of these grasslands is vital in order to ensure that high-quality feed is available. This chapter reviews the short-, medium- and long-term management of grasslands, including stocking...
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Instant insights: heat stress in dairy cattle
This specially curated collection features four reviews of current and key research on heat stress in dairy cattle.
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Using life cycle assessment to compare intensive versus extensive agricultural systems
The number of life cycle assessment (LCA) and LCA-based footprint studies comparing food products coming from different agricultural production systems, reflecting different production intensities, is rapidly growing providing an increasing amount of data for further analyses. This chapter examin...
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Improving data access for more effective decision making in agriculture
With the increased amount of data that is collected on agriculture, we live in a time where data seems to be abundant. Through farm equipment and remote sensing, comes the potential for the development of new applications that can help food production and protect against worldwide food insecurity...
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Supporting smallholders in improving wheat cultivation
We present an overview of how research and development (R&D) can support smallholder wheat farmers (i.e. wheat farmers with limited access to resources and services), reviewing published research and presenting a case study based on our ongoing wheat technology transfer project in Kenya. Glob...
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The sustainable sugarcane initiative
With ever-growing demands for sugar and difficulties in expanding cane area to meet such demands, increasing cane productivity per unit area, but with a reduced ecological footprint, has become imperative. The Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) addresses these concerns. This chapter describes...
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Reconciling agricultural production with biodiversity conservation
The first part of this volume assesses general issues such as landscape approaches, mapping and assessing the economic value of biodiversity. Part 2 reviews management practices promoting biodiversity such as field margins, hedgerows, improved pasture management and agroforestry.
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The use of exogenous enzymes to optimize gut function in pigs
Exogenous enzymes are used in pig diets to improve the availability and digestibility of some non-accessible nutrients. As result of this enhanced digestion, short fragments of these molecules may become available in the distal foregut and the hindgut and modulate microbiota composition, gut barr...
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Understanding and preventing spoilage of cow’s milk
Milk spoilage is essentially a result of inadequate control of the growth of microorganisms, combined with the activity of enzymes which have found their way into milk from production and processing environments. Microorganisms have developed strategies to survive and thrive in cold (psychrotroph...
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Developments in cell culture media for cultured meat applications
Cell culture media is one of the key inputs for cultured meat production. It provides a physiologically favorable environment for cells, nutrients for cell consumption and utilization, and signaling molecules to instruct cell behavior. For all cell culture, media should be optimized towards speci...
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Improving grassland/forage quality and management to reduce livestock greenhouse gas emissions
This chapter reviews grazing management strategies that can contribute to reducing livestock greenhouse gas emissions. Strategies discussed include grazing season length and timing as well as sward structure and quality, including dry matter and clover content. The chapter also discusses the use ...
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Advances in organic dairy cattle farming
This collection reviews the wealth of recent research on how organic dairy farming can best meet the key organic principles of health, ecology, fairness and care. The book also considers how the organic dairy sector is addressing challenges such as improving welfare and sustainability.
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Crop rotation: a sustainable system for maize production
Modern agriculture has led to a simplification of maize-based cropping systems and the extensive practice of monoculture maize (MM). This has led to problems such as yield reduction and soil quality degradation. Meanwhile, the overuse of inorganic fertilizer to increase yields comes with a high e...
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Advances in measuring soil health
This volume begins with a review of advances in measuring soil biological activity. Parts 2 and 3 survey developments in measuring soil physical and chemical properties. The collection concludes by reviewing soil health indicators and decision support systems for improving soil management.
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Physiological challenges in poultry breeding
This chapter discusses some of the different aspects of physiological limitations of concern in poultry breeding and production. It then covers research to map the genetic determinants of ascites, including recent successes in identifying the genetic determinants of ascites. The chapter shows ho...
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Instant insights: regenerative techniques to improve soil health
This book provides a detailed overview of the use of regenerative techniques to improve soil health, including the use of compost and crop rotations.
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Soil inorganic carbon: stocks, functions, losses and their consequences
Carbonate-containing minerals comprise an additional form of soil carbon known as soil inorganic carbon (SIC). Though SIC stocks are large, they been disregarded in most studies to carbon sequestration. After reviewing the main forms of SIC (geogenic, biogenic and pedogenic carbonates) and the ch...
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Organic grassland
Organic farming makes up an increasing share of agricultural and food systems. Within organic agriculture, grasslands are of particular importance because of their multiple benefits to soils, crops, livestock and ecosystems. In this chapter, we review the multifunctionality of grasslands in the c...
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The role of the svalbard global seed vault in preserving crop genetic diversity
Genetic material in individual genebanks is potentially vulnerable to being lost (e.g. through conflict or a natural disaster). One important and simple security measure is to ensure that samples of these valuable genetic materials are conserved in more than one place. In this context, the Svalb...
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Dairy cattle welfare and other aspects of sustainability
Welfare and other aspects of sustainability are becoming increasingly important in consumer purchasing decisions. This chapter introduces a number of key welfare issues affecting the dairy industry that need system change, including lameness, mastitis and aspects of calf management. Other major t...
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Doubled haploid production in wheat
A doubled haploid is a genotype formed from haploid (n) cells through random chromosome doubling or artificially induced chromosome doubling methods. In vitro haploid production followed by chromosome doubling greatly enhances the production of homozygous wheat lines in a single generation and in...
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The role and management of soil mulch and cover crops in conservation agriculture systems
This chapter discusses the main components of an adequate Conservation Agriculture system and the role of soil mulching within these systems. It highlights the use of different cover crops species to promote live or dead soil mulch cover. The chapter also reviews how cover crops effect aspects su...
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Managing dry cow udder health
The dry period lays a foundation for a successful next lactation, especially from the udder health perspective. It is a high-risk period for acquiring new intramammary infections (IMI), but it also provides an excellent opportunity for eliminating existing subclinical infections. The way cows are...
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Supporting smallholders in maintaining soil health: key challenges and strategies
Smallholder farmers are important stewards of global soil resources with strong linkages between livelihoods, global poverty and soil health There is no single method to engage with smallholder farmers in managing soil health, as they are a diverse group scattered across multiple geographies, soi...
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Addressing gender inequities in accessing agricultural extension and advisory services
Extension and Advisory Services have historically been challenged to meet the needs of both women and men producers in environments where women typically have benefited less. However, there are examples of projects and programs where gender equity in access to these services has been improved. In...
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Advances in understanding the nutritional and nutraceutical properties of apples
This chapter reviews the latest scientific studies on the health benefits of apples, including fresh, canned, frozen, dried and/or juice (clear and cloudy) and their phytochemicals. Due to their popularity, accessibility and high nutritional content, apples have been the subject of many scientifi...
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Automated assessment of plant diseases and traits by sensors: how can digital technologies support smart farming and plant breeding?
Plant diseases pose a significant threat to agriculture. Precise and appropriately timed detection and identification of plant diseases is crucial for disease management, and for the selection of resistant and tolerant varieties. The detection of plant diseases by the human eye is dependent on th...
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Breeding for small-scale poultry farming
This chapter reviews the particular challenges of developing improved breeds of chicken for small-scale backyard poultry farming on which many smallholder families depend for a balanced diet and income. It reviews issues such as genetic resources for indigenous breeds, breeding strategies and the...
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Global positioning systems (gps) for agriculture: an overview
The essence of a global positioning system is the ability to define a location anywhere on Earth in terms of three coordinates. The calculation is performed in terms of Cartesian axes including one through the poles, but the result is transformed into local coordinates that include height. This c...
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Instant insights: developing a circular economy
This book provides a detailed overview of how a circular economy can be developed and achieved in agriculture. Chapters consider the importance of closing nutrient loops and the recirculation of materials in both protected and urban environments.
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Advances in understanding uptake and utilization of nitrogen in wheat
Wheat provides 20% of calories and protein consumed by humans. Cereals represent 56% of world fertilizer nitrogen (N) consumption and the wheat crop accounts for 18.2% of global use. Nitrogen fertilizer represents a significant cost for the grower and also has environmental impacts through N leac...
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Instant insights: sustainable tropical forest management
This book offers a unique insight into the recent research completed on achieving sustainable management of tropical forests. Chapters review the factors which determine tropical forests, the process of forest landscape restoration, as well as the interactions between forest ecosystems and the cl...
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The role of extension in fungicide resistance management
Extension specialists and agents have played an integral part in proactively relaying resistance management information to fruit producers – generally through face-to-face meetings, farm visits, phone calls, newsletter articles and a myriad of traditional venues. This chapter features three case ...
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Improving the environmental performance of horticultural production: fruits and vegetables
Horticultural crops (fruits and vegetables) are generally considered to have a relatively low environmental impact compared to other food types, yet there is huge diversity among crops and their impact. For fruit crops, the largest impacts occur at the farm level, most often related to machinery ...
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Advances in understanding and improving the nutraceutical properties of apples
The fruits of Malus domestica are consumed in their own right and also undergo industrial procedures to form different products such as juice, cider, and vinegar. Industrialization creates apple pomace, a residue that can be used for the generation of bioactives, adding value to the raw material,...
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Advances in understanding plant root growth regulators
Global food production needs to increase by more than 60% by 2050 while concurrently reducing fertiliser applications to crops to reduce greenhouse emissions, production costs and environmental pollution. This chapter explores the role of hormones on nitrogen and phosphate uptake and responses. I...
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Weeds affecting field crops and water bodies in sub-saharan africa
In sub-Saharan Africa, weeds are a serious challenge, undermining food security and economic development. Weeds interfere with various human activities. Despite the different classes of weeds based on habitat (terrestrial or aquatic), life cycle (annual or perennial) or morphology (dicots or mono...
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The scope and challenge of sustainable forestry
Forests have managed to sustain themselves for millennia, recovering, reorganizing or migrating in response to innumerable disruptions. Humans have always reaped the benefits of this natural ability of treed ecosystems to renew themselves. Overharvesting of wood for fuel and building materials, h...
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Modifying the rumen environment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Ruminants were among the first domesticated animals and have been providing food, leather, wool, draft and by-products to humanity for at least 10,000 years. However, rumen methanogens reduce CO2 to CH4 in association with other rumen microbes that generate substrates for methanogenesis. Conseque...
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Intellectual property rights in agriculture: ethical issues
The expansion of intellectual property rights, particularly utility patents, in United States (US) agriculture over the past 50 years is grounded in two social phenomena. The first is the development and application of agricultural biotechnologies. The second is the development of the knowledge e...
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Integrated weed management in sugarcane cultivation
Weeds reduce sugarcane yield by competing for water, nutrients and light. They may also act as alternative hosts for disease and insect pests and increase production costs and lower land value. Implementation of integrated weed management (IWM) in sugarcane is essential to reduce the negative imp...
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Wheat pests: introduction, rodents and nematodes
Three major groups of organisms cause biotic stress in wheat: pests, diseases and weeds. This chapter and the chapter that follows are about wheat pests. Three major pest taxa affect wheat: rodents, nematodes and arthropods. Rodents and nematodes are introduced in this first chapter, along with u...
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Instant insights: developing forestry products
This collection features five peer-reviewed literature reviews on developing forestry products.
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Key challenges in modelling of agricultural activities and their environmental impact
Modelling agricultural activities gives insight into the environmental impact of current practices. Furthermore, modelling allows testing the effect of mitigation strategies or management changes and supports decision making towards environmentally friendlier products. Model quality depends on ac...
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Nutraceutical potential of glucosinolates
Glucosinolates (GLs) are secondary metabolites of plants that are primarily synthesized in the Brassica genus. They are classified into three categories: aliphatics, aromatics or indoles. Isothiocyanates are organosulfur compounds which are typically formed by the enzymatic conversion of indole G...
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Advances in marker-assisted breeding of soybeans
This chapter reviews key developments in marker-assisted breeding of soybean. It begins by discussing types of molecular markers such as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). It then discusses marker assays and genotyping platforms for marker-assisted selection...
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Harnessing genetic and genomic resources to transform the production and productivity of sorghum
Despite sorghum’s inherent yield potential, its remarkable adaptation to marginal environments and its extensive use in various food applications by smallholders in developing countries, sorghum has never received the attention it deserves and thus its productivity has remained low. This chapter ...
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Achieving sustainable crop nutrition
This collection reviews current research on understanding nutrient cycles, the ways crops process nutrients, the environmental effects of fertilizer use and how this understanding can be used to improve nutrient use efficiency for a more resource-efficient and climate-smart agriculture.
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Modeling the effects of climate change on agriculture: a focus on cropping systems
Crop models are powerful tools to explore agricultural impacts and adaptation to climate change. They are extensively used to predict the effect of climate change on agriculture. In this chapter, the authors review how crop models take into consideration climate variables and how they are used fo...
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Modeling soil organic carbon dynamics, carbon sequestration and the climate benefit of sequestration
Mathematical models are essential for integrating different processes that control rates of soil carbon dynamics and for assessing carbon sequestration and the related climate benefits. Many models have been proposed in the literature, with no overall consensus on the best model that can provide ...
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Effects of crop rotations and intercropping on soil health
There has been an increasing interest in evaluating the health of soil resources motivated by the growing cognizance that soil is a critically important component of the earth’s biosphere, playing an important functional role not only in producing food and fibre, but also in maintaining ecosystem...
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Managing the soil biological community to improve soil health and reduce losses from nematode pests
Plant-parasitic nematodes commonly cause yield losses of 10 to 20% in sugarcane, largely because varieties with resistance to key pests such as Pratylenchus and Meloidogyne are unavailable, rotation crops provide only temporary control and nematicides are prohibitively expensive. Given the inadeq...
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Advances in understanding the nitrogen cycle in crop production
Nitrogen is the element that is taken up from the soil by plants in the largest amounts, so understanding the worldwide nitrogen cycle is imperative if we are to make agriculture more sustainable. This chapter discusses current research into the stages of the nitrogen cycle giving rise to these i...
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Nutritional and bioactive compounds in barley
Whole grain barley has been widely recognized as a valuable source of a number of biologically active compounds with unique health benefits. The great number of bioactive nutrients and their pleiotropic physiological effects make barley an ideal grain, raw material, and ingredient for the develop...
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Optimizing slurry management
This chapter discusses optimizing slurry management in agricultural practices. It begins by first highlighting current decision tools for optimizing manure management, then goes on to review modifying animal slurry pH to enhance its value as a biobased fertilizer through methods such as bio acidi...
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Marker-assisted selection in poultry
Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is a form of indirect selection that depends on the accuracy of measuring the marker and the genetic correlation between them. This chapter describes the development of large numbers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with high-throughput au...
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Advances in disease-resistant oil palm varieties
This chapter describes advances in the breeding of disease-resistant varieties of oil palm, presenting the key issues associated with oil palm disease resistance, including the usefulness and sustainability of resistance and the agricultural practices required to enable it. The chapter focusses o...
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Modelling the effects of temperature and photoperiod on soybean reproductive development
It has long been recognized that the development rate and yield of soybean are sensitive to temperature and photoperiod. This chapter considers a range of experimental evidence concerning the precise effects of these factors on soybean reproductive development, and reviews ten diverse methods of ...
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The role of certification schemes in sustainable forest management (sfm) of tropical forests
Forest certification and its impact has proved to be fertile ground for research and study, both political and technical, and a huge number of research articles, papers and books has accumulated. This chapter seeks to offer an overview and of this research, some of the main conclusions that have ...
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The role of good agricultural practices (gaps) in preventing pathogenic microbial contamination of fresh produce
The microbial safety of fresh fruits and vegetables impacts the health of consumers and the economic viability of farms, packinghouses, and the produce industry. The implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) on farms and in packinghouses over the past 24 years has resulted in an increa...
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Advances in research on coffee flavour compounds
Coffee’s global appeal is related to its unique flavour, taste and mouthfeel. Coffee is the second-most traded global commodity after petroleum, and a thorough understanding of the chemical dynamics associated with its aroma is essential for the enhancement and permanence of its popularity. This ...
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Advances in breeding of chestnuts
In the two last centuries, diseases and pests from Asia have been introduced in chestnut plantations in both Northern America and Southern Europe, jeopardizing indigenous populations and some local chestnut varieties. The societal demand for chestnut in these countries has considerably increased,...
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Losses and waste in fruits and vegetables
Fresh horticultural produce is key to good health and nutrition. However, the supply of fruits and vegetables is limited by very high levels of loss and waste. This chapter reviews the magnitude of losses and waste of fruit and vegetables as well as key issues in estimating losses. It provides a ...
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The apple genome – harbinger of innovation for sustainable apple production
Apple breeding programs are aimed at improving the agronomic and consumer traits of apples. While DNA-informed breeding doesn’t reduce the time between generations, it can enable the early elimination of undesirable seedlings, thus saving resources for the program. Combined with horticultural and...
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Improving the breeding, cultivation and use of sweetpotato in africa
Sweetpotato is a low-input crop with significant potential for improving public health and nutrition and developing food security in sub-Saharan Africa. This chapter examines the nutritional contribution made by OFSP (orange-fleshed sweetpotato) in poor rural communities in Malawi, Ghana, Nigeria...
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Improving methods for developing new microbial biopesticides
This chapter discusses improving methods for developing new microbial biopesticides. It begins by highlighting the role and economics of biopesticides. The chapter moves on to analyse the strategic framework for biopesticide development and provides an overview of the biopesticide development pro...
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Advances in understanding the genetics of poultry behaviour
Understanding the genetics underlying quantitative traits and identifying the causal genes and polymorphisms that are causal to these traits is hard at the best of times, but in the case of behaviour, the more modest heritabilities and repeatabilities involved make these tasks even more challengi...
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Soil microorganisms: role in soil health
Soil is a complex environment that supports the largest, most diverse and resilient microbial community on the planet, essential for nutrient cycling and plant growth. The details of many soil microorganisms remain unknown, but the recent improvements in molecular methods for microbial ecology h...
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Potato pest management with specific reference to the pacific northwest (usa)
Over the past 20 years, potato pest management in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) region of the United States has changed dramatically with the emergence and resurgence of new insect pests, including vectors of new, devastating plant pathogens. This chapter reviews the status of pest management in th...
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Instant insights: developing immunity in pigs
This collection features four peer-reviewed literature reviews on developing immunity in pigs.
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Short chain organic acids: microbial ecology and antimicrobial activity in the poultry gastrointestinal tract
Interest continues for the development and implementation of alternative feed additives that limit foodborne pathogens in the poultry gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and benefit the host. Short chain organic acids have been employed as feed additives for a number of years. They have been primarily u...
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Achieving carbon-negative bioenergy systems from plant materials
This collection reviews advances in producing next-generation biofuels from plant materials. Part 1 discusses technologies such as biomass gasification, fast pyrolysis and torrefaction. Part 2 assesses advances in production of biofuels from crops such as jatropha, oilseeds, Miscanthus, switchgra...
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Instant insights: dietary supplements in dairy cattle nutrition
This collection features five peer-reviewed reviews on dietary supplements in dairy cattle nutrition.
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Participatory plant breeding programs to optimize use of crop genetic resources
This chapter summarizes a sample of variety evaluation, experimental design, and breeding method innovations that have served as solid approaches for participatory plant breeding (PPB) efforts. With success in PPB comes success in conservation at a local level of useful alleles and allele assembl...
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Improving the environmental performance of pig and poultry production
Currently, pork and chicken account for nearly three-fourths of global meat consumption. With increasing concern for the environmental impacts associated with human activity, and due to the magnitude of the pork and poultry sectors, there is mounting pressure to meet the growing demand for these ...
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Closed plant production systems in vertical farms for a circular economy
The reuse, recycling and control of emissions from large-scale food waste in urban areas have gained increased attention in recent years. Developing efficient food production systems with a low environmental impact is an important issue in facility-based plant production systems, such as plant fa...
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Developing new cassava varieties: tools, techniques and strategies
The significance of cassava as a crop in tropical countries means that developing improved varieties is key to the sustainability of cassava production. This chapter examines how understanding the utilization of cassava can inform breeding objectives for developing improved varieties of cassava. ...
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Improving welfare in poultry slaughter
Poultry production involves the killing of very large numbers of birds so there is a compelling need to protect welfare at slaughter. In most countries, slaughter must be preceded by stunning to induce unconsciousness. The major stunning approaches used in chicken slaughter are electrical stunnin...
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