Genetic material in individual genebanks is potentially vulnerable to being lost (e.g. through conflict or a natural disaster). One important and simple security measure is to ensure that samples of these valuable genetic materials are conserved in more than one place. In this context, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault offers a free of charge service to store duplicate samples of seeds that are conserved in gene banks world-wide. This chapter provides an overview of this facility in Svalbard and describes its operations as well as its functions and status.