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The Vaults of Buddhas
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01 August 2026

Explores the magical practices of early medieval Buddhist preachers.
In this groundbreaking study of early medieval Mahāyāna Buddhist preachers, Ryan Richard Overbey explores a neglected sixth-century Chinese Buddhist homiletical manual, The Great Lamp of the Dharma Dhāraṇī Scripture. The preachers of the Great Lamp learn of the magical power of letters as they study the abecedary. They recite magical spells to enter into the Vaults of Buddhas, where they can access all the wisdom of Buddhas past, present, and future. They use rhetoric and stagecraft to convince themselves and their audiences that they are living Buddhas. Ultimately, their innovations in the technologies of represencing would lay the foundation for the rise of esoteric Buddhism and Chan. The Vaults of Buddhas draws exciting new connections in the intellectual and ritual history of Mahāyāna Buddhism.
Ryan Richard Overbey is Associate Professor in Buddhist Studies at Skidmore College. He is the coeditor, with Michelle C. Wang, of Beyond the Silk and Book Roads: Rethinking Networks of Exchange and Material Culture.
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Introduction: The Problem of Preachers
1. Speaking the Preacher into Being: The Dhāraṇī
2. The ABCs of Emptiness: The Great Lamp's Buddhist Abecedary
3. The Preacher's Rhetoric
4. Evoking the Buddha
5. The prototantric preacher
Conclusion
Appendix A: Outline of the Great Lamp of the Dharma Dhāraṇī Scripture
Appendix B: Translation of chapter 13
Appendix C: Translation of chapter 20
Appendix D: Translation of chapter 37
Appendix E: Translation of chapter 39
Appendix F: Translation of chapter 52
Notes
References
Index