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- Provides a detailed overview of the biochemistry of the C3 photosynthesis cycle in crops
- Reviews recent research on manipulating the structure and composition of key barriers which impose a threat to mesophyll conductance and photosynthesis
- Considers the importance of mesophyll conductance in achieving optimal photosynthesis in crops
Chapter 1 - Understanding the biochemistry of C₃ photosynthesis in crop plants: C. A. Raines, A. P. Cavanagh, C. Afamefule, K. Chibani, H. Gherli, P. Lopez, V. Mengin, B. Moreno-García and S. Wall, The University of Essex, UK; 1 Introduction 2 The carboxylation phase 3 The reduction phase
4 The regeneration phase 5 Regulation of the C3 cycle enzymes 6 Approaches to determine which enzymes limit the flow of carbon through the C3 cycle 7 Future opportunities to improve the C3 cycle 8 Where to look for further information 9 References
Chapter 2 - Using phenotyping techniques to analyse crop functionality and photosynthesis: Eva Rosenqvist, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; 1 Introduction 2 Understanding photosynthesis and its relationship to crop growth and stress response 3 Phenotyping photosynthesis in varying environmental conditions
4 Using gas exchange to analyse photosynthesis 5 Using porometry and thermal imaging of gs and hyperspectral techniques 6 Using chlorophyll fluorescence 7 Photosynthesis and climate change: accounting for heat stress, drought stress and elevated CO2 8 Case studies 9 Conclusions 10 Where to look for further information 11 References
Chapter 3 - Modifying mesophyll conductance to optimise photosynthesis in crops: Coralie E. Salesse-Smith, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA; Steven M. Driever, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands; and Victoria C. Clarke, The Australian National University, Australia; 1 Introduction 2 Points of resistance to diffusion of CO2 3 The interaction between mesophyll cell anatomy, light and gm 4 Leaf age and gm 5 Cell wall diffusion 6 Cellular membranes and CO2 diffusion 7 Improving gm using aquaporins as CO2 channels 8 CO2 solubility in liquids
Chapter 4 - Improving photosynthesis in rice: from small steps to giant leaps: R. F. Sage, University of Toronto, Canada; and Shunsuke Adachi and Tadashi Hirasawa, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan; 1 Introduction 2 Demand functions in C 3 plants: biochemical limitations 3 Supply functions in C 3 plants: diffusion limitations 4 Strategies for improving photosynthetic performance 5 Future trends and conclusion 6 Where to look for further information 7 References
Chapter 5 - Photosynthetic improvement of wheat plants: Martin A. J. Parry, João Paulo Pennacchi, Luis Robledo-Arratia and Elizabete Carmo- Silva, Lancaster University, UK; and Luis Robledo-Arratia , University of Cambridge, UK; 1 Introduction 2 Light capture: canopy duration and architecture 3 Spike photosynthesis 4 CO 2 concentration 5 Calvin-Benson and photorespiratory cycles and beyond 6 Conclusion 7 Where to look for further information 8 References