Remote sensing has been a crucial tool for mapping and managing soil and crop variability in precision agriculture. Recent developments in high-resolution satellite sensors have substantially narrowed the gaps in spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions between traditional satellite and airborne imagery. Meanwhile, the widespread availability of unmanned aircraft systems has significantly enhanced image spatial resolution compared with manned aircraft. High-resolution satellite sensors, with their frequent revisits, fast data turnaround and extensive coverage, are increasingly used for precision agriculture applications. This chapter provides an overview of manned aircraft-based airborne imaging systems and high-resolution satellite remote sensors, as well as their applications in diverse precision agriculture tasks. Four case studies are provided to illustrate how airborne and satellite imagery has been employed for practical applications. Finally, some challenges and future directions in using airborne and high-resolution satellite sensors for precision agriculture are discussed.