Agriculture continues to play an integral role in the growth of the economy of any country, not only as a means of livelihood for the population but also as their main source of food. Therefore, identifying strategies that can promote the productivity of agriculture is a key priority as it enhances economic wellbeing. However, as statistics reveal, the largest proportion of food production in the world is mainly attributed to small-scale farmers who are limited by a lack of resources to enhance the productivity of their farms. As a result, the farmers are often unable to purchase needed fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides to boost production. A further finding is that, where the farmers have access to these agricultural inputs, they are still challenged in applying them appropriately as they either underutilize or overutilize the inputs. Therefore, precision agriculture and closed-loop farming are important concepts that can guarantee increased productivity of both small-scale and large farms as they ensure that resources are used effectively to support crop growth, and waste is also minimized. The aim of this chapter was to examine how advanced technologies such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) could be used to enhance precision agriculture and closed-loop farming in modern large-scale and small-scale agriculture. The data was collected from the review of case studies where findings showed that coupling IoT with big data analytics and artificial intelligence enhances resource usage in farms and promotes increased productivity. The findings also showed that the technologies allowed farmers to access important information regarding soil conditions and resource usage.