In 2021, the International Council for Archaeozoology (ICAZ) celebrated the 50th anniversary of its founding. To commemorate this milestone, the editors organized a special 50th anniversary session at the ICAZ 2023 conference in Cairns, Australia. Eleven invited papers–the chapters in this book–addressed the past, present, and future of archaeozoology across a variety of themes, including subdisciplinary themes covered by ICAZ’s working groups, such as archaeomalacology, fish remains, worked bone, and paleopathology, as well as cross-cutting themes, such as digital data, reference collections, ethics, collaboration, and outreach. This volume is a handbook for zooarchaeology courses, providing a history of developments in many aspects of archaeozoological research.