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The Optics of Blood
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11 March 2026

This handbook provides a comprehensive reference on how blood behaves as an optical medium and how its optical properties can be measured, interpreted, and applied in research, diagnosis, monitoring, and therapy. It is intended for readers who need a structured understanding of blood not only as a physiological fluid, but also as a material whose interaction with light is shaped by cellular composition, oxygenation state, aggregation, flow, and pathology. The volume is designed to serve researchers in biophotonics and biomedical optics, engineers developing optical instruments, and clinicians interested in translational applications.
Key Features:
- The first book dedicated to the optics of blood.
- Provides comprehensive information linking physiology/morphology of blood with its optical properties.
- Includes a description of the very first complex analytical model connecting optical and physiological/morphological properties of blood.
- Provides over 150 illustrations and 10 summarizing tables to visualize the optical properties of blood and related applications.
- Includes software, video, and animation of optical properties of blood
SCIENCE / Physics / Atomic & Molecular, Biophysics, SCIENCE / Physics / Optics & Light, TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Biomedical, Optical physics, Laser physics
Preface
Editor biography
List of contributors
Abbreviations
I Introduction to the optics of blood: a handbook
1 Normal morphology and physiology of human blood including main clinical parameters and microscopy
2 Normal and pathological morphology of blood cells of experimental animals
3 Blood rheology and hemodynamics at health and pathology: aggregation, viscosity, fluid mechanics
4 Light absorption of blood
5 Refractometry of blood
6 Light scattering and optical clearing of blood
7 Fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of blood
8 Raman scattering of blood
9 Optoacoustic properties of blood
10 Optical coherence tomography and polarimetry of blood
11 Blood and photodynamic therapy: two-directional interactions
12 Photobiomodulation exposure of blood and its components: from local to systemic effects