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Sonic Thunder

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11 December 2018

Since the earliest days of human existence, the clash of thunder has struck fear into the hearts of seasoned warriors and tribal villagers alike. Great gods, demi-gods and heroes were created to explain the awesome, mysterious and incomprehensibly powerful forces of nature in a feeble attempt to make sense of the world around them. Today, these explanations seem ridiculous, however, the power to flatten thousands of square miles of ancient forest, create massive holes in the Earth itself and cause mountains to tremble is more than enough reason to believe. Indeed, perhaps our scientific advancement has caused us to not fully or completely appreciate the awesome scale and power that nature can wield against us.
The study of shock-wave formation and dynamics begins with a study of waves, themselves. Simple harmonic motion is used to analyze the physical mechanisms of wave generation and propagation, and the principle of superposition is used to mathematically generate constructive and destructive interference. Further development leads to the shock singularity where a single wave of immense magnitude propagates and decays through various media. Correlations with the fields of thermodynamics, meteorology, crater formation and acoustics are made, as well as a few special applications. Direct correlation is made to events in Arizona, Siberia, and others.
The mathematical requirement for this text includes trigonometry, differential equations and large series summations, which should be accessible to most beginning and advanced university students. This book should serve well as supplementary material in a course covering discrete wave dynamics, applied thermodynamics or extreme acoustics.

SCIENCE / Physics / Geophysics, Geophysics, SCIENCE / Mechanics / Dynamics, SCIENCE / Physics / Mathematical & Computational, Dynamics and statics, Mathematical physics

Preface
1 Of Gods and Waves
1.1 Wave Anatomy
1.2 The Wave Equation
1.2.1 Waves in Gases
1.2.2 Waves in Solids and Liquids
1.2.3 The Simple Harmonic Oscillator
1.2.4 Superposition
1.2.5 Doppler Effect
1.2.6 Wave Types and Material Limits
1.2.7 The Shock Front
2 Shock Waves & the Media
2.1 Speed of Sound in Air
2.2 Shock Front Formation
2.2.1 One Dimensional Isentropic Fluid Flow
2.2.2 Planar Shock Waves
2.2.3 Initial disturbance at the source
2.2.4 Shock Wave Anatomy
3 Impact Waves and Falling Rocks
3.1 Mid-Air Explosions
3.2 Meteor Strikes
3.3 Explosions
4 Fast Moving Sources and Wave Fronts
4.1 Fast Moving Airfoils
4.2 The Rarefaction Wave
5 When the Media Itself Moves: Thunder Rolls
5.1 Generating the High Pressure Shock Wave
5.2 Physics of Lightning
5.3 Thunder Rolls, or Claps, or Snaps, or Pops
6
Final Thoughts