Red Ghosts traces the history of anti-communism in Argentina from the early twentieth century to the present, including its renewed prominence in the era of Javier Milei. Despite its centrality to the country’s political life, anti-communism has rarely been analysed systematically. From elite fears of the labour movement, through Peronism, the Cold War, and the political violence of the 1970s, to the last military dictatorship and contemporary right-wing movements, Red Ghosts reveals the persistent—and often underestimated—role of anti-communism in shaping Argentina’s political culture. In doing so, it offers indispensable insights into the current resurgence of far-right discourses and movements in Argentina, and across Latin America.