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The issues around settlement, belonging, and poor relief have for too long been understood largely from the perspective of England and Wales. This volume offers a pan-European survey that encompasses Switzerland, Prussia, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Britain. It explores how the conception of belonging changed over time and space from the 1500s onwards, how communities dealt with the welfare expectations of an increasingly mobile population that migrated both within and between states, the welfare rights that were attached to those who “belonged,” and how ordinary people secured access to welfare resources. What emerged was a sophisticated European settlement system, which on the one hand structured itself to limit the claims of the poor, and yet on the other was peculiarly sensitive to their demands and negotiations.
“…a valuable and engaging contribution to historical debates about labor, poverty, relief, and belonging…[The papers] are written by leaders in their fields…and pulled together [by the editors] in an elegant and convincing treatment of the case for such a geographical spread.” · Alannah Tomkins, University of Keele
“…a very valuable collection of articles on an important subject of social history in the long period running from the end of the Middle Ages to the 20th century…[Of particular interest] for an Anglo-American readership is the innovative comparative perspective that must be seen as a substantial contribution to the ongoing international research on poverty, poor relief and migration in Europe… All articles are of good, very good or outstanding academic quality.” · Lutz Raphael, Trier University
List of Tables
List of Figures
Introduction: Settlement and Belonging in Europe, 1600-1950: Structures, Negotiations and Experiences
Joanna Innes, Steven King and Anne Winter
Chapter 1. Settlement and the Law in the Seventeenth Century
David Feldman
Chapter 2. Double Deterrence: Settlement and Practice in London’s West End, 1725–1824
Jeremy Boulton
Chapter 3. Poor Relief, Settlement and Belonging in England 1780s to 1840s
Steven King
Chapter 4. Memories of Pauperism
Jane Humphries
Chapter 5. Belonging, Settlement and the New Poor Law in England and Wales 1870s–1900s
Elizabeth Hurren
Chapter 6. Citizens But Not Belonging: Migrants’ Difficulties in Obtaining Entitlement to Relief in Switzerland from the 1550s to the Early Twentieth Century
Anne-Lise Head-König
Chapter 7. Overrun by Hungry Hordes? Migration and Poor Relief in the Netherlands, Sixteenth to Twentieth Centuries
Marco H.D. van Leeuwen
Chapter 8. Agrarian Change, Labour Organization and Welfare Entitlements in the North-Sea Area, c. 1650-1800
Thijs Lambrecht
Chapter 9. Settlement Law and Rural-Urban Relief Transfers in Nineteenth-Century Belgium: A Case Study on Migrants’ Access to Relief in Antwerp
Anne Winter
Chapter 10. Trajectories of German Settlement Regulations: The Prussian Rhine Province, 1815–1914
Andreas Gestrich
Afterward: National Citizenship and Migrants’ Social Rights in Twentieth-Century Europe
Paul-André Rosental
Notes on Contributors
Bibliography