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Intervention with patients who have had a traumatic experience in a health care setting is crucial not only to prevent long-term psychological issues, but also to help patients reduce anxiety when seeking medical help in the future. This groundbreaking book is the first to conceptualize medical trauma and provide mental health and health care professionals with best practices for treating such trauma in health care settings. It delivers in-depth systems-level strategies for supporting patients and their families who experience distress in the medical setting or as a result of life-threatening or life-altering diagnoses and procedures, and describes innovative models for integrating mental health professionals into current health care teams.
Written for both mental health and health care leaders and professionals, the book reflects the growing trend toward interprofessional practice and training in health care, as well as the growth of patient-centered and person-centered care. It reflects the mandate of the PPACA for availability and integration of mental health services into health care and includes models for addressing trauma based on maternal health protocols from the Council on Patient Safety in Women's Health Care. Plentiful case studies demonstrate the effects of medical trauma and how intervention models can provide a positive outcome. Useful assessment tools, also available as electronic downloadable files, are included to help professionals recognize and evaluate medical trauma in patients.
KEY FEATURES:
- Provides comprehensive information about conceptualizing and treating medical trauma in health care settings, the first book to do so
- Offers models for addressing such trauma based on maternal health protocols from the Council on Patient Safety in Women's Health Care
- Aimed at both mental health and health care professionals in all practice settings
- Includes case studies to illustrate effects of medical trauma and intervention models
- Includes several assessment tools to assist health care and mental health professionals with recognizing the many effects of medical trauma
CONTENTS
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
The Current State of Health Care
Health Care Trends Relevant to Managing Medical Trauma
A Word About Our Perspective …
PART I: UNDERSTANDING MEDICAL TRAUMA
Chapter 1. What Is Medical Trauma?
Medical Trauma: A Complex Phenomenon
Understanding Medical Trauma in Context: The Ecological Perspective
Model of Medical Trauma
The Effects of Medical Trauma
Summary
Chapter 2. Medical Trauma Factors: The Patient
Patient Factors: Risk Factors
Summary
Chapter 3. Medical Trauma Factors: Diagnoses and Procedures
Level 3 Medical Trauma: Unexpected, Life-Threatening Medical Events
Level 2 Medical Trauma: Life-Threatening/-Altering Diagnoses
Level 1 Medical Trauma: Planned or Routine Medical Intervention
Summary
Chapter 4. Medical Trauma Factors: Medical Staff
Staff Communication Style
Staff Personal Factors
Staff Emotional Intelligence
Teamwork, Patient Safety, and Training
Summary
Chapter 5. Medical Trauma Factors: The Environment
The Hospital Environment and Medical Trauma
The Sensory Experience and Levels 1 and 2 Medical Traumas
Summary
Chapter 6. Case Studies
Level 1 Medical Trauma Case Study
Level 2 Medical Trauma Case Study
Level 3 Medical Trauma Case Study
PART II: MANAGING MEDICAL TRAUMA
Chapter 7. Prevention and Intervention: Level 1 Medical Trauma and Primary Care
Managing Medical Trauma in the Primary Care Setting
Current Models of Integrative Medicine
Screening for Trauma-Related Risk Factors
Using In-House Mental Health Professionals
Patient-Centered Medical Home Model
Understanding Different Mental Health Professions
Mental Health Treatment for Medical Trauma
Tying It All Together: Revisiting the Case of Keith
Summary
Chapter 8. Prevention and Intervention: Level 2 Medical Trauma and Specialist Care
High-Quality Care for Chronic Illness
Identifying Level 2 Medical Trauma
Intervention in Level 2 Medical Trauma: Collaboration for Chronic Disease Management
Specialist Care Practices: Striving Toward Integration
Tying It All Together: Revisiting the Case of Sharon
Summary
Chapter 9. Prevention and Intervention for Level 3 Medical Trauma: The Hospital Setting and Beyond
Managing Medical Trauma in the Acute Care Setting
Expanded Roles for Mental Health Professionals in Managing Medical Trauma
Tying It All Together: Revisiting the Case of Ann
Summary
Chapter 10. Medical Trauma and the Future of Health Care
Technology's Role in Managing Medical Trauma
IPE: Training a Collaborative Health Care Workforce
The Mindfulness Revolution in Health Care: Applications for Medical Trauma
Caring for Those Who Care for Patients: Managing Vicarious Traumatization
Medical Trauma and Implications for Future Research
The Business Case for Hiring More Mental Health Professionals
Summary
Appendices
Appendix A. Trauma Resources
Appendix B. Secondary 7–Lifestyle Effects Screening (S7-LES)
Appendix C. Medical Mental Health Screening
Appendix D. Support Organizations for Chronic Illness: Cancer, Cardiac Disorders, and Diabetes
Appendix E. Mindfulness Resources
Appendix F. Recognizing Signs of Acute Stress Disorder in Postpartum Women in the Hospital Setting
Appendix G. Experience of Medical Trauma Scale
Appendix H. New Roles for Mental Health Professionals Before, During, and After Severe Maternal Events
Appendix I. Understanding the Emotional Effects of a Difficult Childbirth Experience
Index