Lang Rongrien Rockshelter was the first site excavated in Thailand to produce a clearly stratified, charcoal-dated late Pleistocene deposit beneath a well-defined Early Holocene Hoabinhian deposit. This volume presents in detail the excavations at Lang Rongrien Rockshelter in the mid-1980s. Anderson uses the evidence excavated as a starting point to reevaluate several issues with respect to Pleistocene/Early Holocene human habitation in Southeast Asia.