When exactly did the "Parting of the Ways" between Jews and Christians take place? Was it already Jesus who separated himself and his followers from "the Jews"? Or did Paul with his mission of pagans make the decisive step? Or do we have to wait longer - until after 70 CE, when the Jerusalem Temple was destroyed? In his new book, which goes back to the 2013 Deichmann lectures at Ben Gurion University, Beersheva, Tobias Nicklas shows that the above question is formulated inadequately. Instead, one has to distinguish between the situations of different groups (and even individuals) in different historical circumstances. To show this, Nicklas discusses images of "Jews" in early Christian writings, concepts of Israel's God and his Covenant with Israel, "Christological" and "Ecclesiological" hermeneutics of the Scriptures, and matters of Halakha for believers in Christ.