Aphids (Homoptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae) currently include 5575 valid species. They are characterized by some peculiar morphological and biological characteristics that make these insects unique organisms. Although often under-reported, it is estimated that aphids cause very high economic losses each year worldwide. This chapter introduces citrus aphids, apple and pear aphids and stone fruit aphids. In addition, the chapter describes techniques for the control of aphid pests and looks ahead to future trends in this area.