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Since 1989, two sites of memory with respect to the deportation and persecution of Jews in France and Germany during the Second World War have received intense public attention: the Vélo d'Hiver (Winter Velodrome) in Paris and the Monument for the Murdered Jews of Europe or Holocaust Monument in Berlin. Why is this so? Both monuments, the author argues, are unique in the history of memorial projects. Although they are genuine "sites of memory", neither monument celebrates history, but rather serve as platforms for the deliberation, negotiation and promotion of social consensus over the memorial status of war crimes in France and Germany. The debates over these monuments indicate that it is the communication among members of the public via the mass media, rather than qualities inherent in the sites themselves, which transformed these sites into symbols beyond traditional conceptions of heritage and patriotism.
“One strength of Carrier’s book is the way he charts these debates, showing how they were symptomatic of a wider struggle over national memory. Another great strength of this book is its thorough and informative knowledge of theoretical literature on memory and memorials, a knowledge which Carrier – to his enormous credit – does not simply parade before us but actually applies to the objects of his study…a superb book.”- European History Quarterly
"[Carrier] argues convincingly that what really matters about these memorials is not so much the finished product as the social and political context in which they were mooted, conceived and built – and the empirical context in which they are subsequently interpreted… Another great strength of this book is its thorough and informative knowledge of theoretical literature on memory and memorials. - European History
"Carrier's analysis of the form and the multidimensional meaning of the monuments is insightful. One of the most important contributions of this book is its argument that sites of memory produce not only social consensus but also dialogue and competition between the victims." - German History
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgements
List of Abbreviations
PART I: MONUMENTS AND COLLECTIVE MEMORY
Chapter 1. Monuments in History
Chapter 2. History in Monuments
PART II: PARIS AND BERLIN AS SITES OF MEMORY OF THE 1990S
Chapter 3. Paris: the Vél’ d’Hiv’ and the Promise of National Reconciliation 1992–97
Chapter 4. Berlin: the Monument for the Murdered Jews of Europe and the Promise of Consensus 1988–2000
Chapter 5. The Institutionalisation of Memory in Public Art and rhetoric
PART III: DIALOGIC MONUMENTS BETWEEN NEGOTIATION AND STATE INTERVENTION
Chapter 6. The National Memorial Paradigm
Chapter 7. The Postnational Memorial Paradigm
Chapter 8. Dialogic Monuments
Appendix
Bibliography
Index