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France's response to the rise of European fascism during the 1930s, and subsequently to the Nazi occupation 1940-44, has been a difficult subject for the nation’s historians. The consensus amongst leading French authorities on the period has been the claim that France was largely 'immune' to fascism in the 1930s, and that the Vichy regime was an aberration produced by defeat and occupation. Over the last 30 years, this position has gradually been undermined, mainly through the work of foreign scholars, but it nonetheless remains intact. This volume brings together for the first time the leading critics of the standard French interpretation, who have used these essays to refine and update their positions, or to move the debate onto new terrain.
“With its lucid introduction and conclusion, clear translations oftexts first published in French, and useful notes on the contributors, this collection will undoubtedly be of considerable use not only to specialists, but also in advanced undergraduate and graduate classrooms.” · European History Quarterly
“Overall, this is a gracefully written, groundbreaking study sure to spark lively debate in the years to come. Even though the individual contributors’ approaches are often directly critical of one another, the essays are logically and coherently linked. Readers will appreciate the genuinely comparative perspective, which the authors have brought to bear on France’s role in a wider European drama.” · French Review
“The book provides a useful antidote to contemporary versions of the stalemate society thesis found in analyses which separate ‘national-populism’ from ‘generic’ inter-war fascism, identifying it as a familiar response to crisis in France and implicitly reviving the myth of France’s ‘allergy’ to fascism. The fluid analytical perspectives outlined here, in particular by Paxton and Dobry, present a nuanced counterpoint to the teleology of historical analyses shaped more by outcomes than the indeterminacy of messy reality.” · E-Extreme
“An important collection...the authors adopt different methodologies and viewpoints, disagreements that thankfully do not degenerate into semantics, thanks to tight editorial control. It is these ongoing debates which lend freshness and colour to this volume.” · Journal of Contemporary European Studies
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1. Introduction: Contextualising the Immunity Thesis
Brian Jenkins
Chapter 2. Morphology of Fascism in France
Zeev Sternhell
Chapter 3. Fascism in France: Problematising the Immunity Thesis
Robert Soucy
Chapter 4. The Five Stages of Fascism
Robert. O. Paxton
Chapter 5. February 1934 and the Discovery of French Society’s Allergy to the ‘Fascist Revolution’
Michel Dobry
Chapter 6. The Construction of Crisis in Interwar France
Kevin Passmore
Chapter 7. Conclusion: Beyond the ‘Fascism Debate’
Brian Jenkins
Select Bibliography
Index