Food production takes place in a complex network of enterprises reaching from agriculture to processing, trade and retail. The final characteristics of food products sold to consumers depend on the cooperation of all enterprises engaged in the production process, forming the food value chain. With the many partners involved, any decisions for changing the organization of the food value chain or the processes inside and between enterprises require coordination of interests of the chain as a whole as well as of the individual partners. The chapter discusses the problem scenario, presents some approaches for decision support, and discusses a number of organizational models that are being used in data communication as well as in quality and environmental management along the chain.