In order to optimize the profitability of soybean production while minimizing adverse effects on the environment, it is important to define and implement the most effective management, agronomic and technological practices. The present chapter considers the following components of soybean production: tillage systems, soil fertility, variety selection, agronomic practices and pest management. Such practices will, of course, vary between geographic regions; for instance, best tillage practice may be determined by soil type and environmental conditions. However, in each case, general practices that transcend geographic areas are described, with consideration given to how these practices might be adjusted to accommodate region-specific factors. The chapter concludes with recommendations for how these practices could be implemented within an overall management plan.