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Examines postwar debates within Germany and Japan over how to promote domestic and regional order.
Cultures of Order explores how Germany and Japan each struggled to define an appropriate role for themselves in the postwar international order. In Germany, proponents of institutional constraint fought and generally prevailed over those who stressed national rights. This pattern continued even as Germany achieved unification at the end of the Cold War. In Japan, however, the national rights strategy was more successful, and Japanese leaders have been less willing than their German counterparts to predicate international order on commitment to an emergent institutional framework. In both cases, the choices made by leaders were critical, despite the constraints under which they operated. In this book the authors utilize a constructivist theory of order, emphasizing the distinctive ways language works to normative effect, to explain these debates and how they have contributed to two very different "cultures of order."
"This book builds the case that order, not anarchy, should be at the center of our attention in the analysis of world politics. Katja Weber and Paul Kowert offer an argument that is unique in its combination of theoretical sophistication, a full mastery of German foreign policy, and a comparative perspective that travels as far as Japan. Scholars and students who are distressed by the deep divide between international relations and foreign policy analysis will find in this book a central pillar that will make the task of bridge building much easier." — Peter J. Katzenstein, Cornell University
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
Order in International Relations
A German Debate Contributions of Constructivism
Overview of the Book
2. Language and the Problem of Order
Constructing Order
Towards a New European Order
Conclusion
3. The Westpolitik Debate
Adenauer and Institutional Constraint Schumacher and National Rights
The Westpolitik Debate
Conclusion
4. The Ostpolitik Debate
Kiesinger and State Rights
Brandt and Institutional Expansion
The Ostpolitik Debate
Conclusion
5. The Deutschlandpolitik Debate
Kohl and Institutional Achievement Lafontaine and European Rights
The Deutschlandpolitik Debate Conclusion
6. Japan and the Problem of Order
Yoshida and the Path from Realism to Rights
Order and the Yoshida Doctrine
A Debate Foreclosed
Conclusion
7. Conclusion
The New World Order in Germany
Constructing Order, Constructivist Theory
Notes
Bibliography
Index