Apple replant disease (ARD) is an important factor that restricts the sustainable development of the apple industry worldwide. There are many complex pathogenic factors that may cause ARD, and as a result ARD is difficult to manage in the absence of broad-spectrum soil fumigants with limited virgin land. This chapter summarizes the main causes of ARD and the main methods to control ARD with specific reference to China, based on recent developments in understanding of the physical and chemical properties of soil deterioration, allelopathic effects (phenolic acids) and microbial community structure in apple orchards. The chapter discusses methods to manage ARD, including cultural practice, soil disinfection, resistance breeding and biological control. Finally, the chapter briefly discusses future research and development in relation to ARD management.