The objective of this chapter is to introduce the agronomic community to remote sensing terms and technologies and show how remote sensing methods can be used in field phenotyping. This chapter discusses approaches to UAV remote sensing and data analysis for high-throughput field phenotyping and ecophysiological research. The chapter reviews the use of UAV remote sensing to measure key plant traits: canopy cover; leaf area index; plant emergence, density and tillering; plant height, growth and lodging; biomass; flowering, fruiting and yield; senescence; and canopy temperature.