The rise of emerging and re-emerging infectious pig diseases is due to various complex factors, including natural processes of natural selection of pathogens, changes in the environment and an increased ability to diagnose new pathogens. These diseases are considered a major threat to the global pig industry. Global efforts to control emerging pig diseases have focused mainly on early detection by veterinary services and implementation of measures depending on the nature of the disease in question. However, these measures often prove difficult to implement. Therefore, the development of new vaccines against emerging and re-emerging infectious pig diseases and the development of new platforms for rapid and effective vaccine design are crucial in the global context. This review aims to summarize the main emerging and re-emerging infectious pig diseases and the platforms and technologies to develop safe and effective vaccines against them.