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Trends in fungicide resistance in North-West Europe
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28 April 2026

Agriculture is important and highly productive in North-West Europe with major crops including wheat, barley, potato, sugar beet, oilseed rape, apple and grapevine. The maritime climate of West Europe is very prone to fungal diseases that require the input of fungicides. Fungicide resistance has become a major problem for diseases such as powdery mildews, downy mildew on grapevine, grey mould on grapevine, strawberry, and various other horticultural crops, septoria leaf blotch, ramularia leaf spot, net blotch, cercospora leaf spot, apple scab, and late and early blight. Fungicide resistance problems have mostly been reported for QoI, MBC, SDHI and DMI fungicides but resistance management is also required for various other fungicide groups. Molecular mechanisms of qualitative and quantitative fungicide resistance have intensively been studied. Sustained high productivity of major food crops in North West Europe requires continued careful monitoring of resistance in pathogen populations and effective resistance management strategies.
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Fungicide-resistant pathogens: barley, wheat,oilseed rape, potato and sugar beet
- 3 Fungicide-resistant pathogens: apple, grapevine,strawberry and other crops
- 4 Selection processes in fungicide resistance
- 5 Fungicide resistance modes of action: mode of actionlinked to nucleic acid metabolism (A)
- 6 Fungicide resistance modes of action: mode of actionlinked to cytoskeleton and motor proteins (B)
- 7 Fungicide resistance modes of action: mode of actionlinked to respiration (C)
- 8 Fungicide resistance modes of action: mode of actionlinked to signal transduction (E)
- 9 Fungicide resistance modes of action: mode of actionlinked to lipid synthesis or transport/membraneintegrity or function (F)
- 10 Fungicide resistance modes of action: mode ofaction linked to sterol biosynthesis in membranes(G)
- 11 Fungicide resistance modes of action: Resistance toinhibitors of cell wall synthesis
- 12 Conclusion
- 13 Where to look for further information
- 14 Abbreviations
- 15 References