As sorghum continues to grow in significance in large parts of the world, attention is given to the many different types of disease that can affect this crop, and how they might be successfully avoided or managed. All physical structures and tissues of the sorghum plant may become diseased with one pathogen or another, and different diseases can damage the plant at virtually every stage of growth. The present chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the main diseases affecting sorghum, describing the different conditions in which they proliferate, their common symptoms and their impact on crop yield. In each case, the potential for host resistance is discussed, and information is provided regarding effective disease management.