In general, plant-parasitic nematodes that may detrimentally affect soybean production are microscopic roundworms that feed on or are in plant roots. This chapter examines the origins and management of a variety of parasitic nematodes affecting soybean, including soybean cyst nematodes, root-knot nematodes, lesion nematodes, reniform nematodes and lance nematodes. It also chapter addresses the challenge of nematode resistance in soybean and provides suggestions for further reading on this subject.