The irrigation requirements of mango have not been adequately investigated, and very few studies have been conducted on regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies at different phenological stages. The aim of this chapter is to suggest how research in the field of irrigation and fertilization can help solve the challenges faced by the mango industry and be translated into practical outcomes for farmers by making mango production more sustainable. In order to achieve this goal, based on an extensive and detailed review of the most relevant researches on these topics, the chapter identifies potential areas for applied research that can significantly contribute to more sustainable mango agriculture in small, medium and large mango farms in developed and developing countries. The chapter includes a detailed case study.