This book introduces the theory and formalism of electroweak baryogenesis. It provides a pedagogical overview to help enable researchers to overcome the steep learning curve associated with entering this field, ensuring that the high energy physics community is adequately equipped to interpret the next generation of experimental results. This expanded second edition includes an overview of novel calculation techniques not covered in the first edition, as well as an updated discussion of gravitational waves, collider signatures and electric dipole moments. It is an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers familiar with graduate level quantum field theory.